Garner Amelia J, Saatchi Reza, Ward Oliver, Hawley Daniel P
The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
Industry and Innovation Research Institute, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK.
Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Dec 4;9(12):1683. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9121683.
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disease of childhood and is characterized by an often insidious onset and a chronic relapsing-remitting course, once diagnosed. With successive flares of joint inflammation, joint damage accrues, often associated with pain and functional disability. The progressive nature and potential for chronic damage and disability caused by JIA emphasizes the critical need for a prompt and accurate diagnosis. This article provides a review of recent studies related to diagnosis, monitoring and management of JIA and outlines recent novel tools and techniques (infrared thermal imaging, three-dimensional imaging, accelerometry, artificial neural networks and fuzzy logic) which have demonstrated potential value in assessment and monitoring of JIA. The emergence of novel techniques to assist clinicians' assessments for diagnosis and monitoring of JIA has demonstrated promise; however, further research is required to confirm their clinical utility.
幼年特发性关节炎（JIA）是儿童时期最常见的风湿性疾病，其特点通常是起病隐匿，一旦确诊则呈慢性复发-缓解病程。随着关节炎症的反复发作，会出现关节损伤，常伴有疼痛和功能障碍。JIA所导致的进行性病变以及慢性损伤和残疾的可能性，凸显了及时准确诊断的迫切需求。本文综述了近期与JIA诊断、监测和管理相关的研究，并概述了近期已证明在JIA评估和监测中具有潜在价值的新型工具和技术（红外热成像、三维成像、加速度测量、人工神经网络和模糊逻辑）。辅助临床医生对JIA进行诊断和监测的新技术已展现出前景；然而，还需要进一步研究来证实它们的临床实用性。
