IRD (MàD by CNRS)-UMR Prodig, 93222 Aubervilliers, France.
Departamento de Ingeniería Civil y Ambiental, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 17;18(24):13297. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182413297.
The recent enactment of the law banning asbestos in Colombia raises a significant number of challenges. The largest factories that have historically processed asbestos include five asbestos-cement facilities located in the cities of Sibaté (Cundinamarca), Cali (Valle del Cauca), and Barranquilla (Atlántico), and Manizales (Caldas), which has two, as well as a friction products facility in Bogotá D.C. An asbestos chrysotile mine has also operated in Colombia since 1980 in Campamento (Antioquia). In the framework of developing the National Asbestos Profile for Colombia, in this study, we estimated the population residing in the vicinity of asbestos processing plants or the mine and, therefore, potentially at risk of disease. Using a geographic information system, demographic data obtained from the last two general population censuses were processed to determine the number of people living within the concentric circles surrounding the asbestos facilities and the mine. In previous studies conducted in different countries of the world, an increased risk of asbestos-related diseases has been reported for people living at different distance bands from asbestos processing facilities. Based on these studies, circles of 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, and 10,000 m radii, centered on the asbestos processing facilities and the mine that operated in Colombia, were combined with the census data to estimate the number of people living within these radii. Large numbers of people were identified. It is estimated that in 2005, at the country level, 10,489 people lived within 500 m of an asbestos processing facility or mine. In 2018, and within a distance of 10,000 m, the number of people was 6,724,677. This information can aid public health surveillance strategies.
最近哥伦比亚颁布的禁止石棉法提出了许多挑战。历史上加工石棉的最大工厂包括位于锡巴特（昆迪纳马卡省）、卡利（考卡山谷省）和巴兰基亚（大西洋省）以及马尼萨莱斯（卡尔达斯省）的五个石棉水泥设施，以及位于波哥大特区的两个设施，以及一家摩擦产品工厂。自 1980 年以来，哥伦比亚在坎帕营地（安蒂奥基亚省）也有一座石棉温石棉矿。在为哥伦比亚制定国家石棉概况的框架内，在这项研究中，我们估计了居住在石棉加工厂或矿山附近的人口，因此可能面临疾病风险。我们使用地理信息系统，处理从最近两次人口普查中获得的人口统计数据，以确定居住在石棉设施和矿山周围同心圈范围内的人数。在世界不同国家进行的先前研究报告称，居住在距石棉加工厂不同距离范围内的人患与石棉相关的疾病的风险增加。基于这些研究，以哥伦比亚运营的石棉加工厂和矿山为中心，半径为 500、1000、2000、5000 和 10000 米的圆圈与人口普查数据相结合，以估计居住在这些圆圈内的人数。确定了大量的人。据估计，2005 年，在全国范围内，有 10489 人居住在距石棉加工厂或矿山 500 米以内的地方。2018 年，在 10000 米的距离内，人数为 6724677 人。这些信息可以帮助公共卫生监测策略。
