[False positive troponinemia in patient with pneumothorax : a case report].

A 20-year-old patient is admitted to the emergency room for chest pain occurring in the context of recurrent left complete pneumothorax. Ultrasensitive troponinemia is elevated to 20 times normal. Myocardial distress is attributed to pneumothorax following the negativity of cardiological examinations (EKG, TTE, cardiac MRI). The pneumothorax is drained with a favorable evolution. This is the first reported case of pneumothorax associated with a significant elevation of troponin without ECG change, TakoTsubo syndrome, or myocardial inflammation. Several mechanisms are considered: rotation of the myocardium around its axis, increase in pulmonary vascular resistance with overload of right ventricular pressure, disturbance of coronary blood flow on significant mediastinal compression with decrease in systolo-diastolic myocardial perfusion.