Zhang Tianli, Tong Xiang, Zhang Shijie, Wang Dongguang, Wang Lian, Wang Qian, Fan Hong
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Dec 9;12:731453. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.731453. eCollection 2021.
CD26/Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein that is widely expressed in various organs and cells. It can also exist in body fluids in a soluble form. DPP4 participates in various physiological and pathological processes by regulating energy metabolism, inflammation, and immune function. DPP4 inhibitors have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. More evidence has shown the role of DPP4 in the pathogenesis of lung diseases, since it is highly expressed in the lung parenchyma and the surface of the epithelium, vascular endothelium, and fibroblasts of human bronchi. It is a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for various lung diseases. During the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) global pandemic, DPP4 was found to be an important marker that may play a significant role in disease progression. Some clinical trials on DPP4 inhibitors in COVID-19 are ongoing. DPP4 also affects other infectious respiratory diseases such as Middle East respiratory syndrome and non-infectious lung diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and asthma. This review aims to summarize the roles of DPP4 and its inhibitors in infectious lung diseases and non-infectious diseases to provide new insights for clinical physicians.
CD26/二肽基肽酶4（DPP4）是一种II型跨膜糖蛋白，在各种器官和细胞中广泛表达。它也可以以可溶性形式存在于体液中。DPP4通过调节能量代谢、炎症和免疫功能参与各种生理和病理过程。DPP4抑制剂已获美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准用于治疗2型糖尿病。更多证据表明DPP4在肺部疾病发病机制中发挥作用，因为它在人支气管的肺实质、上皮表面、血管内皮和成纤维细胞中高表达。它是各种肺部疾病的潜在生物标志物和治疗靶点。在冠状病毒病2019（COVID-19）全球大流行期间，发现DPP4是一个重要标志物，可能在疾病进展中起重要作用。一些关于DPP4抑制剂治疗COVID-19的临床试验正在进行。DPP4还影响其他传染性呼吸道疾病，如中东呼吸综合征，以及非传染性肺部疾病，如肺纤维化、肺癌、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）和哮喘。本综述旨在总结DPP4及其抑制剂在传染性肺部疾病和非传染性疾病中的作用，为临床医生提供新的见解。
