中国西南部住院儿童急性中毒情况的特征分析
Characterization of Acute Poisoning in Hospitalized Children in Southwest China.
作者信息
Li Zhu, Xiao Li, Yang Lin, Li Shaojun, Tan Liping
机构信息
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Medical Big Data Intelligent Application Chongqing University Engineering Research Center, Department of Emergency, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Medical Big Data Intelligent Application Chongqing University Engineering Research Center, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
出版信息
Front Pediatr. 2021 Dec 10;9:727900. doi: 10.3389/fped.2021.727900. eCollection 2021.
Acute poisoning in children is characterized by regional differences. This study described the basic situation of childhood poisoning in southwest China based on hospitalized cases. A total of 1,076 acute poisoning cases among hospitalized children admitted to Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2012 to December 2020 were included in this study. Clinical data such as gender, age, living environment, poisonous substance, and cause of poisoning were statistically described. Trends of length of hospital stay, population distribution, poisonous substances, and causes of acute poisoning in the hospitalized children were compared over time. The cohort comprised 588 males and 488 females; 811 cases lived in rural areas and the rest resided in urban areas. Most cases were between early childhood and school age. Poisoning usually occurred at home (973 cases, 90.4%). Pesticides (381 cases, 35.4%) and drugs (275 cases, 25.6%) were the two most common poisonous substances. Two main causes of poisoning were accidental taking (755 cases, 70.2%) and suicide (177 cases, 16.4%). The results of univariate analysis of suicide showed significant correlations among gender, place of residence, age, poisonous substance, and place of suicide ( < 0.001), while living environment (town), age (adolescence), and poisonous substance (pesticide, drug) were independent risk factors ( < 0.05). There was no significant change in the length of hospital stay for poisoning over time. The overall number of hospitalizations presented a decreasing trend, while the number of urban children gradually increased. The proportion of adolescent poisoned children and suicidal children increased in the last 3 years. Optimizing the package and distribution channels of pesticides and drugs, raising safety awareness of children to avoid accidental injuries, and paying attention to children's mental health are measures that are necessary to prevent poisoning in children.
儿童急性中毒具有地区差异。本研究基于住院病例描述了中国西南地区儿童中毒的基本情况。本研究纳入了2012年1月至2020年12月在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院住院的1076例儿童急性中毒病例。对性别、年龄、生活环境、毒物及中毒原因等临床资料进行了统计学描述。比较了住院儿童急性中毒的住院时间、人群分布、毒物及中毒原因随时间的变化趋势。该队列包括588名男性和488名女性；811例居住在农村地区，其余居住在城市地区。大多数病例处于幼儿期和学龄期。中毒通常发生在家中（973例，90.4%）。农药（381例，35.4%）和药物（275例，25.6%）是两种最常见的毒物。中毒的两个主要原因是误服（755例，70.2%）和自杀（177例，16.4%）。自杀的单因素分析结果显示，性别、居住地点、年龄、毒物及自杀地点之间存在显著相关性（<0.001），而生活环境（城镇）、年龄（青少年）及毒物（农药、药物）是独立危险因素（<0.05）。中毒的住院时间随时间无显著变化。住院总数呈下降趋势，而城市儿童数量逐渐增加。过去3年中，中毒青少年儿童和自杀儿童的比例有所增加。优化农药和药物的包装及分销渠道，提高儿童的安全意识以避免意外伤害，关注儿童心理健康是预防儿童中毒的必要措施。
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