Benaboud Jamal, Elachour Mostafa, Oujidi Jamal, Chafi Abdelhafid
University Mohammed I Sciences Faculty, Department of Biology Laboratory of Environment Oujda Morocco.
University Mohammed I Sciences Faculty, Department of Biology Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology Oujda Morocco.
Environ Anal Health Toxicol. 2021 Mar;36(1):e2021002-0. doi: 10.5620/eaht.2021002. Epub 2021 Jan 27.
Pesticides are a vital component of modern agriculture. So, these chemical compounds could play a crucial role in maintaining high agricultural productivity. However, high-input intensive agricultural production systems in which more effective and widespread use of pesticides could harm human health and the environment. As we know, most of the farmers in developing countries used pesticides without taking the necessary precautions. The present study aims to assess farmers' knowledge and understand the pattern of use of pesticides in Oriental Morocco. We based our approach on a standardized questionnaire with 140 farmers to evaluate their knowledge, attitude, and awareness about the pictograms used on pesticide labels. The results show that the farmer had a low level of education; only 14% were in university. More than 65% overuse pesticides and 60% did not respect the pre-harvest interval. Many farmers did not know the standard pictograms used on pesticide labels, 90% acknowledged only the crossbones and the fire sign, and 33% gave false interpretation or misunderstood these pictograms. These results show that the farmers in Eastern Morocco seem to be ignorant of pesticide danger and lack of safety education. They have no idea how to deal with the pictogram on the pesticide label. Pesticide safety education is necessary to induce protective behavior among farmers and prevent the residue of pesticides in foodstuff. The comprehension of pictograms on pesticide labels is crucial to reduce the risk of poisoning.
农药是现代农业的重要组成部分。因此，这些化合物在维持高农业生产率方面可能发挥关键作用。然而，高投入的集约化农业生产系统中更有效和广泛地使用农药可能会危害人类健康和环境。众所周知，发展中国家的大多数农民在使用农药时没有采取必要的预防措施。本研究旨在评估摩洛哥东部农民对农药的了解情况，并了解他们使用农药的模式。我们采用一份标准化问卷对140名农民进行调查，以评估他们对农药标签上使用的象形图的知识、态度和认识。结果表明，农民受教育程度较低；只有14%的人上过大学。超过65%的农民过度使用农药，60%的人不遵守收获前的间隔期。许多农民不了解农药标签上使用的标准象形图，90%的人只认识骷髅和火焰标志，33%的人给出了错误的解释或误解了这些象形图。这些结果表明，摩洛哥东部的农民似乎对农药的危险性一无所知，缺乏安全教育。他们不知道如何处理农药标签上的象形图。农药安全教育对于促使农民采取保护行为和防止食品中的农药残留是必要的。理解农药标签上的象形图对于降低中毒风险至关重要。
