Department of Emergency, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
BMC Emerg Med. 2024 Oct 8;24(1):181. doi: 10.1186/s12873-024-01091-x.
This retrospective study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and toxicological spectrum of acute poisoning in children treated at our pediatric intensive care unit. The findings provide a basis for the treatment and prevention of acute poisoning in children.
Clinical data of hospitalized children aged 0 to14 years with acute poisoning, treated between January 2015 and December 2023, were collected and analyzed. The analysis included the types of poisoning, sex and age distribution of children, routes and causes of poisoning, time from poisoning to medical consultation, length of hospital stays, and treatment outcomes.
Among the 493 cases of acute poisoning in children, pesticide poisoning (n = 252, 51.1%) was the most common type, followed by medication poisoning (n = 182, 36.9%). Chemical poisoning accounted for 7.7% (n = 38), while food poisoning and inhalation of harmful gases accounted for 3.0% (n = 15) and 1.2% (n = 6), respectively. The main route of poisoning was oral ingestion (n = 477, 96.8%), while accidental ingestion accounted for a large proportion (n = 379, 79.4%), and adolescents aged 11 to 14 years accounted for 20.6% (n = 98).Apart from the predominance of girls attempting suicide by self-administering antipsychotic medications (n = 88, 75.9%) due to depression, there was no significant difference in sex distribution among other types of poisoning children. The highest incidence of poisoning except children who self-administer antipsychotic drugs occurred in children aged 1-3 years (n = 267, 54.2%) and 8-14 years (n = 135, 27.4%), with the highest proportion in the preschool age group. The average time from poisoning to medical consultation was 33.4 ± 54.9 h, and majority of children received treatment within 48 h after poisoning (n = 423, 85.8%). The overall effective treatment rate was 96.8%.
Acute poisoning in children has complex and diverse causes, with accidental ingestion being the main route. Prevention should be emphasized, including strengthening child safety education and improving parental supervision. Moreover, psychological health education is crucial for adolescents during their puberty. In the event of acute poisoning, prompt medical consultation and appropriate treatment are necessary to mitigate adverse outcomes.
本回顾性研究旨在分析我院儿科重症监护病房收治的急性中毒患儿的临床特征和毒理学谱。研究结果为儿童急性中毒的治疗和预防提供了依据。
收集 2015 年 1 月至 2023 年 12 月我院收治的 0 至 14 岁急性中毒住院患儿的临床资料，分析中毒类型、患儿性别和年龄分布、中毒途径和原因、中毒至就诊时间、住院时间和治疗结局。
493 例儿童急性中毒中，农药中毒（n=252，51.1%）最常见，其次为药物中毒（n=182，36.9%）。化学中毒占 7.7%（n=38），食物中毒和吸入有害气体分别占 3.0%（n=15）和 1.2%（n=6）。主要中毒途径为口服（n=477，96.8%），其中意外摄入占很大比例（n=379，79.4%），11 至 14 岁青少年占 20.6%（n=98）。除因抑郁而试图自杀的女孩服用抗精神病药物（n=88，75.9%）外，其他类型中毒儿童的性别分布无显著差异。除儿童自行服用抗精神病药物外，中毒发生率最高的为 1-3 岁（n=267，54.2%）和 8-14 岁（n=135，27.4%）儿童，学龄前儿童比例最高。中毒至就诊时间平均为 33.4±54.9 h，中毒后 48 h 内接受治疗的患儿（n=423，85.8%）比例最高。总有效治疗率为 96.8%。
儿童急性中毒病因复杂多样，以意外摄入为主。应强调预防，包括加强儿童安全教育和提高家长监管。此外，青少年青春期心理健康教育至关重要。发生急性中毒时，需要及时就医和适当治疗，以减轻不良结局。
