Reproductive Biology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
CONACyT-Cátedras, Reproductive Biology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
Nutrients. 2021 Nov 26;13(12):4243. doi: 10.3390/nu13124243.
We investigated if supplementing obese mothers (MO) with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) improves milk long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) composition and offspring anxiety behavior. From weaning throughout pregnancy and lactation, female Wistar rats ate chow (C) or a high-fat diet (MO). One month before mating and through lactation, half the mothers received 400 mg DHA kg d orally (C+DHA or MO+DHA). Offspring ate C after weaning. Maternal weight, total body fat, milk hormones, and milk nutrient composition were determined. Pups' milk nutrient intake was evaluated, and behavioral anxiety tests were conducted. MO exhibited increased weight and total fat, and higher milk corticosterone, leptin, linoleic, and arachidonic acid (AA) concentrations, and less DHA content. MO male and female offspring had higher ω-6/ ω-3 milk consumption ratios. In the elevated plus maze, female but not male MO offspring exhibited more anxiety. MO+DHA mothers exhibited lower weight, total fat, milk leptin, and AA concentrations, and enhanced milk DHA. MO+DHA offspring had a lower ω-6/ω-3 milk intake ratio and reduced anxiety vs. MO. DHA content was greater in C+DHA milk vs. C. Supplementing MO mothers with DHA improves milk composition, especially LCPUFA content and ω-6/ω-3 ratio reducing offspring anxiety in a sex-dependent manner.
我们研究了给肥胖母亲（MO）补充二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）是否能改善母乳中长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LCPUFA）的组成，并改善后代的焦虑行为。从断奶到整个孕期和哺乳期，雌性 Wistar 大鼠食用标准饲料（C）或高脂肪饮食（MO）。在交配前一个月和哺乳期，一半的母亲经口接受 400 mg/kg/d 的 DHA（C+DHA 或 MO+DHA）。断奶后，后代食用 C。测定了母体体重、体脂肪、乳汁激素和乳汁营养成分。评估了幼崽的乳汁营养摄入，并进行了行为焦虑测试。MO 表现出体重和体脂肪增加，以及更高的乳皮质酮、瘦素、亚油酸和花生四烯酸（AA）浓度，以及更低的 DHA 含量。MO 雄性和雌性后代的乳 ω-6/ω-3 摄入量比例更高。在高架十字迷宫中，MO 后代的雌性而非雄性表现出更多的焦虑。MO+DHA 母亲表现出较低的体重、体脂肪、乳汁瘦素和 AA 浓度，以及增强的乳汁 DHA。MO+DHA 后代的乳 ω-6/ω-3 摄入量比例较低，焦虑程度低于 MO。与 C 相比，C+DHA 奶中的 DHA 含量更高。给 MO 母亲补充 DHA 可改善乳汁成分，特别是 LCPUFA 含量和 ω-6/ω-3 比例，以性别依赖的方式降低后代的焦虑。
