School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
Nutrients. 2021 Dec 14;13(12):4465. doi: 10.3390/nu13124465.
Inadequate vitamin D levels may increase the risk of caries during childhood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status and severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) in preschool children.
Data were obtained from children <72 months of age in two case-control studies in Winnipeg, Manitoba and Richmond, Virginia. Serum analysis assessed 25(OH)D, calcium and parathyroid concentrations. Data on demographics, dental history and oral hygiene were obtained via questionnaires. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the relationships between demographic and biological variables and S-ECC. A -value of ≤0.05 was significant.
Data were available for 200 children with S-ECC and 144 caries-free controls. Children with S-ECC had significantly lower 25(OH)D levels than those who were caries-free ( < 0.001), and children with deficient 25(OH)D levels were 10 times more likely to have S-ECC ( < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression revealed that having higher 25(OH)D and calcium concentrations ( = 0.019 and < 0.0001, respectively), as well as being breastfed in infancy ( < 0.001), were significantly and independently associated with lower odds of S-ECC, while dental insurance ( = 0.006) was associated with higher odds of S-ECC.
This study provides additional evidence of an association between nutritional status, specifically vitamin D and calcium levels, and S-ECC.
维生素 D 水平不足可能会增加儿童时期龋齿的风险。本研究旨在探讨 25-羟维生素 D（25（OH）D）状况与学龄前儿童严重早期儿童龋（S-ECC）之间的关系。
数据来自马尼托巴省温尼伯和弗吉尼亚州里士满的两项病例对照研究中年龄<72 个月的儿童。血清分析评估了 25（OH）D、钙和甲状旁腺浓度。通过问卷调查获得了有关人口统计学、牙科史和口腔卫生的数据。进行了双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，以评估人口统计学和生物学变量与 S-ECC 之间的关系。<0.05 为差异有统计学意义。
共有 200 名患有 S-ECC 的儿童和 144 名无龋对照组的数据可用。患有 S-ECC 的儿童的 25（OH）D 水平明显低于无龋儿童（<0.001），且 25（OH）D 水平不足的儿童发生 S-ECC 的可能性高 10 倍（<0.001）。多变量逻辑回归显示，25（OH）D 和钙浓度较高（=0.019 和<0.0001），以及婴儿期母乳喂养（<0.001）与 S-ECC 的可能性降低显著相关，而牙科保险（=0.006）与 S-ECC 的可能性增加相关。
本研究提供了更多证据表明营养状况，特别是维生素 D 和钙水平与 S-ECC 之间存在关联。
