Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
BMC Oral Health. 2023 Jun 9;23(1):374. doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-03065-0.
Dental caries is one of the most common diseases of childhood. Evidence suggests that malnutrition and vitamin deficiency may increase the risk to dental caries.
This study aimed to determine the relationship between vitamin D and dental caries experience in children and whether vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for tooth decay.
A cross-sectional study was performed on 51 Egyptian children, aged from three to five years and diagnosed from Abo El-Resh Children's Hospital as 'Sufficient', 'Insufficient' or 'Deficient' in vitamin D. Children were divided into 3 equal groups. A structured questionnaire, formed of four sections, was answered by the parents. Dental examination was performed under natural daylight. Caries index (dmf), for each group, was calculated then compared. The study was conducted from July 2019 to January 2020. Associations between dmf and different variables were assessed using independent t-test. Correlation between age and dmf was assessed using Spearman's rank order correlation coefficient. Multiple linear regression model was used to study the effect of different variables on caries.
There was a weak positive correlation between age and dmf scores (β = 2.00; 95%CI, 0.73:3.26). Children playing outside experienced higher dmf (β = 1.29; 95%CI, -0.35:2.94) than those with no outside play. Children with 25(OH) D below 20 ng / ml had the highest dmfs (β = 1.01; 95%CI, -0.74:2.76). There was a significant association with teeth brushing; children not brushing their teeth showed significantly higher dmf (β = -2.21; 95%CI, -4.14:-0.28) than their counterparts. There were no significant associations of sex (β = -1.05; 95%CI, -2.68:0.59), fluoride tablets intake (β = 2.19; 95%CI, -1.25:5.63), dental visits (β = -1.43; 95%CI, -3.09:0.23), mothers' vitamin D intake during pregnancy (β = 0.71; 95%CI, -1.13:2.56), snacking (β = -1.18; 95%CI, -4.62:2.26) and parental education (β = 0.62; 95%CI, -1.18:2.42) with caries experience among the study population.
Vitamin D deficiency does not seem to be associated with dental caries experience of 3-5 years old Egyptian children. Out of the indicator variables, age and tooth brushing contributed significantly to the occurrence of dental caries among the study population.
龋齿是儿童最常见的疾病之一。有证据表明，营养不良和维生素缺乏可能会增加患龋齿的风险。
本研究旨在确定维生素 D 与儿童龋齿经历之间的关系，以及维生素 D 缺乏是否是龋齿的一个风险因素。
对 51 名来自埃及的 3 至 5 岁儿童进行了横断面研究，这些儿童在 Abo El-Resh 儿童医院被诊断为维生素 D“充足”、“不足”或“缺乏”。儿童被分为 3 个相等的组。由四个部分组成的结构化问卷由家长回答。在自然光下进行牙科检查。计算每组的龋齿指数（dmf），然后进行比较。研究于 2019 年 7 月至 2020 年 1 月进行。使用独立 t 检验评估 dmf 与不同变量之间的关联。使用 Spearman 秩相关系数评估年龄与 dmf 之间的相关性。使用多元线性回归模型研究不同变量对龋齿的影响。
年龄与 dmf 评分呈弱正相关（β=2.00；95%CI，0.73:3.26）。户外活动的儿童 dmf 评分较高（β=1.29；95%CI，-0.35:2.94），而户外活动较少的儿童 dmf 评分较低。25(OH)D 水平低于 20ng/ml 的儿童 dmf 最高（β=1.01；95%CI，-0.74:2.76）。与刷牙有显著关联；不刷牙的儿童 dmf 明显高于其同龄人（β=-2.21；95%CI，-4.14:-0.28）。性别（β=-1.05；95%CI，-2.68:0.59）、氟化物片摄入（β=2.19；95%CI，-1.25:5.63）、牙科就诊（β=-1.43；95%CI，-3.09:0.23）、母亲在怀孕期间的维生素 D 摄入（β=0.71；95%CI，-1.13:2.56）、吃零食（β=-1.18；95%CI，-4.62:2.26）和父母教育程度（β=0.62；95%CI，-1.18:2.42）与研究人群的龋齿经历无显著关联。
维生素 D 缺乏似乎与埃及 3-5 岁儿童的龋齿经历无关。在指标变量中，年龄和刷牙对研究人群的龋齿发生有显著影响。
