Key laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, P.R. China.
Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Zhongtu Building, No.85 North Street, Lianhu District, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, P.R. China.
BMC Oral Health. 2024 Feb 28;24(1):281. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-03969-5.
Calcium (Ca) is a nutritional factor that associated with dental caries. A recent study showed that in the case of adequate Ca intake, a higher level of physical activity may contribute to bone mass accumulation. However, the combined effect between Ca intake and physical activity on caries experience is unclear. Herein, we aimed to explore the above combined effect on dental caries in children and adolescents.
Data of 5,917 children and adolescents were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) database in 2015-2020 in this cross-sectional study. The NHANES assessed the dietary Ca intake through the 24-hour dietary recalls, and the physical activity level was self-reported using the questionnaires. Also, the dental caries was diagnosed according to the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth/Surfaces (DMFT/S) index. Weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were utilized to screen the covariates and to investigate the associations of dietary Ca intake and physical activity with dental caries, respectively, and assess the combined effect between dietary Ca intake and physical activity on dental caries. The evaluation indexes were odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses of age, obesity, and total sugar intake were also performed.
Among the eligible participants, 2,687 had caries experience. After adjusting for the covariates, we found that children and adolescents who not reach the recommendation level of Ca intake combined with physical activity less than 7 time in 1 week seemed to have higher odds of dental caries [OR = 1.77, 95%CI: (1.38-2.27)], compared with those who reached the standards. In addition, this potential combined effect was also found in age < 12 years old [OR = 1.62, 95%CI: (1.23-2.14)], non-obesity [OR = 1.88, 95%CI: (1.49-2.35)], and total sugar intake (all P < 0.05) subgroups.
Ca intake and physical activity had a potential combined effect on dental caries in children and adolescents, but the causal relationships between them needed further clarification.
钙（Ca）是与龋齿相关的营养因素。最近的一项研究表明，在摄入足够的 Ca 的情况下，更高水平的身体活动可能有助于骨量积累。然而，Ca 摄入和身体活动对龋齿发生的综合影响尚不清楚。在此，我们旨在探讨儿童和青少年中上述综合因素对龋齿的影响。
本横断面研究从 2015-2020 年的国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）数据库中提取了 5917 名儿童和青少年的数据。NHANES 通过 24 小时膳食回顾评估膳食 Ca 摄入量，身体活动水平则通过问卷自行报告。此外，根据龋齿、缺失和补牙（DMFT/S）指数诊断龋齿。使用加权单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析筛选协变量，并分别研究膳食 Ca 摄入量和身体活动与龋齿的关系，并评估膳食 Ca 摄入量和身体活动对龋齿的综合影响。评估指标为比值比（ORs）和 95%置信区间（CIs）。还进行了年龄、肥胖和总糖摄入量的亚组分析。
在合格参与者中，有 2687 人有龋齿经历。在调整了协变量后，我们发现与未达到 Ca 摄入推荐水平且每周身体活动次数少于 7 次的儿童和青少年相比，达到 Ca 摄入推荐水平且每周身体活动次数多于 7 次的儿童和青少年似乎有更高的龋齿发生风险[OR=1.77，95%CI：（1.38-2.27）]。此外，在年龄<12 岁[OR=1.62，95%CI：（1.23-2.14）]、非肥胖[OR=1.88，95%CI：（1.49-2.35）]和总糖摄入量（均 P<0.05）亚组中也发现了这种潜在的联合效应。
Ca 摄入和身体活动对儿童和青少年的龋齿有潜在的综合影响，但它们之间的因果关系需要进一步澄清。
