Stanojevic Milos, Trailovic Maja, Dubljanin Tijana, Krivošej Zoran, Nikolic Miroslav, Nikolic Nina
Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Priština in Kosovska Mitrovica, Lole Ribara 29, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia.
Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Viseslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Dec 20;10(12):2814. doi: 10.3390/plants10122814.
An annual plant, Himalayan balsam ( Royle) is globally widespread and one of Europe's top invaders. We focused on two questions: does this species indeed not invade the southern areas and does the environment affect some of its key invisibility traits. In an isolated model mountainous valley, we jointly analyzed the soil (21 parameters), the life history traits of the invader (height, stem diameter, aboveground dw), and the resident vegetation (species composition and abundances, Ellenberg indicator values), and supplemented it with local knowledge (semi-structured interviews). Uncontrolled discharge of fecal wastewaters directly into the local dense hydrological network fostered mass infestation of an atypical habitat. The phenotypic plasticity of the measured invasion-related traits was very high in the surveyed early invasion (30-50% invader cover) stages. Different microhabitat conditions consistently correlated with its growth performance. The largest individuals were restricted to the deforested riparian habitats, with extreme soil nutrient enrichment (primarily by P and K) and low-competitive, species-poor resident vegetation. We showed that ecological context can modify invasion-related traits and what could affect a further invasion process. Finally, this species is likely underreported in the wider region; public attitude and loss of traditional ecological knowledge are further management risks.
一年生植物喜马拉雅凤仙花（罗伊尔）在全球广泛分布，是欧洲最主要的入侵物种之一。我们关注两个问题：该物种是否确实不入侵南部地区，以及环境是否会影响其一些关键的入侵特性。在一个孤立的典型山区山谷中，我们联合分析了土壤（21个参数）、入侵物种的生活史特征（高度、茎直径、地上干重）以及当地植被（物种组成和丰度、埃伦贝格指示值），并通过当地知识（半结构化访谈）进行补充。粪便废水直接无节制地排放到当地密集的水文网络中，导致了一个非典型栖息地的大规模侵扰。在所调查的早期入侵（入侵物种覆盖度为30 - 50%）阶段，所测量的与入侵相关的性状的表型可塑性非常高。不同的微生境条件与其生长表现始终相关。最大的个体局限于森林砍伐后的河岸栖息地，那里土壤养分极度富集（主要是磷和钾），且当地植被竞争力低、物种贫乏。我们表明，生态背景可以改变与入侵相关的性状，以及可能影响进一步入侵过程的因素。最后，该物种在更广泛的区域可能未被充分报道；公众态度和传统生态知识的丧失是进一步的管理风险。
