Hua Tian-Zhen, Gao Ling-Tong, Zhang Zhi-Yu, Zhao Hou-Ming, Gao Lu
Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Department of Health Management, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
Sheng Li Xue Bao. 2021 Dec 25;73(6):991-998.
Placenta is the only link between the pregnant woman and fetus, and the basis for maintaining the normal pregnancy process and fetal development. Maternal stress is the maternal physiological and psychological changes caused by various factors, characterized by the increased level of glucocorticoid, which affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-target gland axis and regulates the expression of target genes. Maternal stress also changes the weight, metabolism and nutrient transportation of the placenta, which will substantially influence the development of fetus. This paper will firstly summarize the characteristics of maternal stress and its influence on offspring. Then, the changes in the body under maternal stress will be described. Finally, we will clarify the proven mechanisms underlying maternal stress and raise some important problems that have not been clarified in this area. The study of maternal stress on fetus and its underlying mechanisms will serve as theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of the stress-related pregnant diseases and disorders.
胎盘是孕妇与胎儿之间的唯一联系，是维持正常妊娠过程和胎儿发育的基础。母体应激是由各种因素引起的母体生理和心理变化，其特征是糖皮质激素水平升高，影响下丘脑 - 垂体 - 靶腺轴并调节靶基因的表达。母体应激还会改变胎盘的重量、代谢和营养物质运输，这将对胎儿的发育产生重大影响。本文将首先总结母体应激的特征及其对后代的影响。然后，将描述母体应激下身体的变化。最后，我们将阐明母体应激的已证实机制，并提出该领域尚未阐明的一些重要问题。对母体应激对胎儿及其潜在机制的研究将为应激相关妊娠疾病和紊乱的诊断和治疗提供理论依据。
