François-Xavier Bagnoud Center, School of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2021 Dec 28;16(12):e0261824. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261824. eCollection 2021.
Bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to be a worsening public health concern in the United States (US). Though the national incidence of HIV infection has decreased over recent years, that of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis have not. Despite national recommendations on prevention, screening, and treatment of these STIs, these practices have not been standardized. Nine Health Resources and Services Administration Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program funded clinics across 3 US jurisdictions (Florida, Louisiana, and Washington, DC), were selected as clinical demonstration sites to be evaluated in this mixed method needs assessment to inform a multi-site, multi-level intervention to evaluate evidence-based interventions to improve STI screening and testing of bacterial STIs among people with or at risk for HIV. These 3 US jurisdictions were selected due to having higher than national average incidence rates of HIV and bacterial STIs. Descriptive statistics and deductive analysis were used to assess quantitative and qualitative needs assessment data. Results indicate the following needs across participating sites: inconsistent and irregular comprehensive sexual behavior history taking within and among sites, limited routine bacterial STI testing (once/year and if symptomatic) not in accordance with CDC recommendations, limited extragenital site gonorrhea/chlamydia testing, limited annual training on STI-related topics including LGBTQ health and adolescent/young adult sexual health, and limited efforts for making high-STI incidence individuals feel welcome in the clinic (primarily LGBTQ individuals and adolescents/young adults). These findings were used to identify interventions to be used to increase routine screenings and testing for bacterial STIs.
细菌性性传播感染(STIs)在美国仍然是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题。尽管近年来全国范围内 HIV 感染的发病率有所下降,但衣原体、淋病和梅毒的发病率却没有下降。尽管有关于预防、筛查和治疗这些 STIs 的国家建议,但这些做法尚未标准化。美国 9 个卫生资源和服务管理署 Ryan White HIV/AIDS 计划资助的诊所分布在 3 个美国司法管辖区(佛罗里达州、路易斯安那州和华盛顿特区),被选为临床示范基地,以参与这项混合方法需求评估,为多地点、多层次干预措施提供信息,评估基于证据的干预措施,以改善 HIV 感染者或有感染风险者的 STI 筛查和检测。这 3 个美国司法管辖区被选中是因为它们的 HIV 和细菌性 STIs 发病率高于全国平均水平。描述性统计和演绎分析用于评估定量和定性需求评估数据。结果表明,参与的各个地点存在以下需求:在各站点之间和站点内进行全面性行为史记录的方法不一致且不规律,常规细菌性 STI 检测(每年一次,如有症状)不符合 CDC 建议,外生殖器部位淋病/衣原体检测有限,每年关于性传播感染相关主题的培训(包括 LGBTQ 健康和青少年/年轻成人性健康)有限,以及为使高 STI 发病率的个体在诊所感到受欢迎(主要是 LGBTQ 个体和青少年/年轻成人)所做的努力有限。这些发现被用来确定增加常规筛查和检测细菌性 STIs 的干预措施。