Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Toronto, Canada.
Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2022 May;41(4):759-777. doi: 10.1111/dar.13425. Epub 2021 Dec 28.
Alcohol consumption during pregnancy and breastfeeding cause adverse health outcomes to the mother and child, including Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD).
Systematic literature review and thematic synthesis. Original studies that contained reasons for alcohol consumption in pregnancy and while breastfeeding were included. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and the Confidence in the Evidence of Reviews of Qualitative Research (CerQUAL) approach were utilised. The review protocol is available on PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42018116998).
Forty-two eligible studies comprising women from 16 countries were included. Most commonly reported reasons of alcohol use in pregnancy were societal pressure and the belief that only "strong" alcohol and alcohol in large quantities is harmful. Other reasons were: a lack of awareness of adverse effects on the fetus; coping with adverse life experiences; consumption based on intuitive decision-making and influenced by personal/peer experiences; belief in the beneficial properties of alcohol; advice from medical practitioners; unwanted or unplanned pregnancy; alcohol dependence; and consumption as a cultural/traditional custom. Reasons for alcohol use during breastfeeding included the belief that alcohol stimulates breast milk production, unclear advice from medical practitioners, unawareness of the risks of infant exposure and to improve mood and celebrate events.
Understanding the context of reasons for alcohol use in pregnancy is crucial for implementing prenatal health education, and preventing FASD and other adverse maternal and child health outcomes.
Individual beliefs, knowledge/advice, culture and personal circumstances influence alcohol use in pregnancy. Data are limited for reasons surrounding alcohol use while breastfeeding.
孕妇和哺乳期饮酒会对母婴健康造成不良后果，包括胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）。
系统文献回顾和主题综合。纳入了包含孕妇和哺乳期饮酒原因的原始研究。使用了混合方法评估工具（MMAT）和定性研究证据置信度评估工具（CerQUAL）方法。审查方案可在 PROSPERO（注册编号：CRD42018116998）上获得。
纳入了来自 16 个国家的 42 项符合条件的研究，其中大多数报告的孕妇饮酒原因是社会压力和认为只有“烈性”酒和大量饮酒才有害的信念。其他原因包括：缺乏对胎儿不良影响的认识；应对不良生活经历；基于直觉决策和个人/同伴经验的消费；相信酒精的有益特性；医疗从业者的建议；意外或计划外怀孕；酒精依赖；以及作为文化/传统习俗的消费。哺乳期饮酒的原因包括相信酒精能刺激乳汁分泌、医疗从业者的建议不明确、对婴儿暴露风险的无知、以及改善情绪和庆祝活动。
了解孕妇饮酒原因的背景对于实施产前健康教育、预防 FASD 和其他母婴健康不良后果至关重要。
个人信念、知识/建议、文化和个人情况影响孕妇饮酒。关于哺乳期饮酒原因的数据有限。
