Center of Enviornmental Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
BMC Ecol Evol. 2021 Dec 28;21(1):225. doi: 10.1186/s12862-021-01949-9.
Hangadi watershed is endowed with the only virgin forest in Odo shakisso harbouring high biodiversity, but it has been suffered from anthropogenic activities. This study was conducted to investigate composition and community diversity of woody species in restoration for posterity. Satellite images of 1988, 2008, and 2018 were used to classify and analyse trends of deforestation. For both woody species and topsoil (0-30 cm), 20 m × 20 m, 100 plots laid at every 300 m along line transects, 1 km apart from each other. In each sample plot, woody species ≥ 3 m were counted, Shannon-wiener diversity index, cluster analysis and ordination were computed.
Agroforestry is found to be the dominant land use/land cover class followed by forest and cultivated land. A total of 61 woody species belonging to 34 families; 8.2% of the species were endemic to Ethiopia. The highest number of species was recorded from families Euphorbiaceae and Rubiaceae (5 species, 8.2%), Rutaceae, Celastraceae, and Oleaceae (3 species, 5.08%) followed by Flacourtiaceae, Meliaceae, Araliaceaae, Myrsinaceae, Moraceae, Boraginaceae, Asteraceae, Spontaceae, Lauraceae and Sapindaceae (2 species each). Four woody plant communities were identified using free statistical software R version 3.1.1. The canonical correspondence analysis result showed that EC, pH, OM, altitude, C:N, CEC, sand, silt, AvP, and TN significantly affected species distribution in the watershed.
Local people involved in cutting mature woody species for timber production, making farm implements and, cultivated land expansion. Protection of woody species diversity of forest and coffee systems with low biodiversity value conservation concepts are recommended to be executed jointly by local people and stakeholders.
杭加迪流域拥有奥多沙基索港唯一的原始森林，生物多样性极高，但一直受到人类活动的影响。本研究旨在调查林分恢复中木本物种的组成和群落多样性，为子孙后代着想。利用 1988 年、2008 年和 2018 年的卫星图像对森林砍伐的趋势进行分类和分析。对于木本物种和表土（0-30cm），在沿线路径每隔 300m 处设置 20m×20m、100 个样方，样方之间相距 1km。在每个样方中，统计 ≥ 3m 的木本物种，计算香农-威纳多样性指数、聚类分析和排序。
农林复合经营是主要的土地利用/土地覆盖类型，其次是森林和耕地。共有 61 种木本植物，隶属于 34 科；其中 8.2%的物种是埃塞俄比亚特有种。记录到的物种最多的科是大戟科和茜草科（5 种，8.2%），芸香科、卫矛科和木犀科（3 种，5.08%），其次是铁青树科、楝科、五加科、远志科、桑科、忍冬科、马鞭草科、梧桐科和茄科（各 2 种）。使用免费统计软件 R 版本 3.1.1 识别了 4 个木本植物群落。典范对应分析结果表明，EC、pH、OM、海拔、C:N、CEC、砂、粉砂、AvP 和 TN 对流域内物种分布有显著影响。
当地人参与砍伐成熟的木本物种以获取木材、制作农具和扩大耕地。建议当地人和利益相关者共同执行保护森林和咖啡系统的生物多样性，这些系统的生物多样性价值较低。
