Irvine Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, 101 The City Drive South, Route 140, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
Irvine Department of Pathology. UCI School of Medicine D440 Medical Sciences I, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
J Med Case Rep. 2021 Dec 28;15(1):634. doi: 10.1186/s13256-021-03134-4.
Ganglioneuromas are a benign tumor originating from neural crest cells. As one of the neuroblastic tumors, ganglioneuromas are most common in children, with a mean age at presentation of 7 years. Ganglioneuromas are typically singular in nature, but rarely can present with lymph node involvement and distant metastasis. We present a rare case of a retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma found in a human immunodeficiency virus positive adult, which was complicated by lymph node involvement. This case is notable not only in regard to the age of the patient, but also because of his human immunodeficiency virus positive status and the extension of tumor to lymph nodes.
A 27-year-old Latino male with history of human immunodeficiency virus presented with a 6-month history of left upper quadrant and epigastric abdominal pain with associated nausea and vomiting. The patient had a computed tomography scan showing a retroperitoneal mass encasing the aorta, celiac axis, and superior mesenteric artery. Core needle biopsy revealed ganglioneuroma. Owing to obstructive symptoms, resection of the mass along with partial gastric resection, partial pancreatic resection, and splenectomy was performed by a multidisciplinary group of surgeons. Pathology results revealed metastatic spread of ganglioneuroma to surrounding lymph nodes.
Ganglioneuromas are most common in children and very rarely occur in adults. However, it is still important to consider this entity in the differential for patients presenting with suspicious symptoms. While rare, it is essential to consider metastasis in this generally benign disease.
神经节细胞瘤是一种起源于神经嵴细胞的良性肿瘤。作为神经母细胞瘤的一种，神经节细胞瘤在儿童中最为常见，平均发病年龄为 7 岁。神经节细胞瘤通常为单发，但偶尔也会出现淋巴结受累和远处转移。我们报告了一例罕见的人类免疫缺陷病毒阳性成人腹膜后神经节细胞瘤，该病例伴有淋巴结受累。该病例不仅在患者年龄方面值得注意，而且还因为患者的人类免疫缺陷病毒阳性状态以及肿瘤向淋巴结的延伸。
一名 27 岁拉丁裔男性，患有人类免疫缺陷病毒病史，有 6 个月的左上腹和上腹部疼痛史，伴有恶心和呕吐。患者行计算机断层扫描显示腹膜后肿块包裹主动脉、腹腔干和肠系膜上动脉。芯针活检显示为神经节细胞瘤。由于存在阻塞症状，由一组多学科外科医生进行了肿块切除，同时进行了部分胃切除术、部分胰腺切除术和脾切除术。病理结果显示神经节细胞瘤向周围淋巴结转移。
神经节细胞瘤在儿童中最为常见，在成人中非常罕见。然而，对于出现可疑症状的患者，仍有必要在鉴别诊断中考虑到这种肿瘤。虽然罕见，但在这种通常良性的疾病中，仍有必要考虑转移。
