Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
Injury. 2022 Feb;53(2):719-723. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2021.12.014. Epub 2021 Dec 17.
Compression sonography has been introduced for non-invasive measurement of compartment compressibility and possible diagnostic tool for acute or chronic compartment syndrome in studies using human cadavers and animal models. To date, standard values in healthy subjects are not yet defined. The aim was to define standard compartment compressibility values in healthy human subjects and to assess the reliability of this measurement method.
In 60 healthy volunteers, using ultrasound, the diameter of the tibial anterior compartment was measured while applying no pressure, 10mbar and 80mbar of external pressure. A pressure manometer on the ultrasound head was used to monitor the externally applied pressure. Compartment compressibility ratio (R, respectively R) was calculated as following: The delta of the compartment diameter with high and low external pressure, divided through the diameter with low external pressure. In 10 volunteers, two examinators conducted each two measurements to assess the reliability.
Mean compartment compressibility ratio R was 15.9% ±3.6 (range: 7.2 - 22.2). Mean compartment compressibility ratio R was 18.2% ±5.0 (3.0 - 32.1). There was no significant correlation with lower leg circumference, height, weight, BMI, gender, hours of sport per week and type of sport (e.g. weightlifting/ cardio). For R, intraobserver ICC 2.1 was 0.89 for an experienced observer and 0.79 for a non-experienced observer. Interobserver ICC 2.1 was 0.78. For R, intraobserver ICC 2.1 was 0.71 for the experienced and 0.56 for the unexperienced observer. Interobserver ICC 2.1 was 0.59.
In healthy volunteers between 18 and 50 years of age, mean compartment compressibility ratio R was 15.9% ±3.6, independent of demographic factors and sport activity. Application of 10mbar instead of 0mbar increased image quality. Subsequently, R showed lower standard deviation and both higher intraobserver and interobserver reliability than R. Using R, this measurement method is reliable with very high intra- and interobserver correlation.
压缩超声已被引入用于非侵入性测量间隔可压缩性，并在使用人体尸体和动物模型的研究中成为急性或慢性间隔综合征的可能诊断工具。迄今为止，尚未定义健康受试者的标准值。目的是确定健康人体受试者的标准间隔可压缩性值，并评估该测量方法的可靠性。
在 60 名健康志愿者中，使用超声测量胫骨前间隔的直径，同时施加 0mbar 和 80mbar 的外部压力。超声探头的压力计用于监测外部施加的压力。间隔压缩比（R）分别为：高、低外部压力下间隔直径的差值除以低外部压力下的间隔直径。在 10 名志愿者中，两名检查者每人进行两次测量以评估可靠性。
平均间隔压缩比 R 为 15.9%±3.6（范围：7.2-22.2）。平均间隔压缩比 R 为 18.2%±5.0（3.0-32.1）。与小腿周长、身高、体重、BMI、性别、每周运动时间和运动类型（举重/有氧运动）无显著相关性。对于 R，经验丰富的观察者的内-观察者 ICC 2.1 为 0.89，非经验丰富的观察者的 ICC 2.1 为 0.79。观察者间 ICC 2.1 为 0.78。对于 R，经验丰富的观察者的内-观察者 ICC 2.1 为 0.71，非经验丰富的观察者的 ICC 2.1 为 0.56。观察者间 ICC 2.1 为 0.59。
在 18-50 岁的健康志愿者中，平均间隔压缩比 R 为 15.9%±3.6，与人口统计学因素和运动活动无关。施加 10mbar 而不是 0mbar 会提高图像质量。随后，R 显示出较低的标准偏差，并且内-观察者和观察者间的可靠性均高于 R。使用 R，该测量方法具有非常高的内-观察者和观察者间相关性，可靠性高。
