Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki St., 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
Chem Biodivers. 2022 Mar;19(3):e202100827. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202100827. Epub 2022 Jan 27.
Carduus nutans L. (Compositae) has been extensively used for medicinal purposes. As other representatives of the genus it is implemented in the treatment of liver disorders and used as diuretic and digestive agent. Previous studies have determined the predominant classes of secondary metabolites in Carduus species. Among the major representatives of their extracts flavonoids, phenolic acids, coumarins, sterols and terpenes were identified. The antiradical capacity of three extracts assessed in the DPPH test revealed the highest radical scavenging properties of methanol extract (the EC 618±10.03 μg/mL) and based on these results it was selected for phenolic content determination. (TPC=61.49 mg/g). To understand better the induced pharmacological effects of the plant the aim of the study was to determine the composition of the methanol extract from the inflorescences of C. nutans and to study their phenolic composition. In order to determine the composition in a more efficient way, the crude extract was fractionated and subjected to hydrolyses. As a result more than twenty phenolic acids and flavonoids were identified in the extract and fractions by HPLC-DAD and/or HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS. The total extract was later subjected to fractionation by centrifugal partition chromatography using the Arizona system composed of hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (0.7 : 4 : 0.8 : 4 v/v/v/v) to produce fractions enriched in flavonoids that are of high pharmacological significance.
垂头菊 L.（菊科）被广泛用于药用目的。与属中的其他代表一样，它被用于治疗肝脏疾病，并用作利尿剂和消化剂。以前的研究已经确定了垂头菊属中次生代谢物的主要类别。在它们的提取物的主要代表中，鉴定出了类黄酮、酚酸、香豆素、甾醇和萜类化合物。在 DPPH 试验中评估的三种提取物的抗自由基能力表明，甲醇提取物具有最高的自由基清除特性（EC 618±10.03μg/mL），基于这些结果，选择甲醇提取物用于测定酚类含量（TPC=61.49mg/g）。为了更好地了解植物的诱导药理作用，本研究的目的是确定垂头菊花序甲醇提取物的组成，并研究其酚类组成。为了更有效地确定组成，粗提取物进行了分级，并进行了水解。结果通过 HPLC-DAD 和/或 HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS 鉴定出提取物和馏分中含有二十多种酚酸和类黄酮。随后，将总提取物通过离心分配色谱法进行分离，使用由正己烷/乙酸乙酯/甲醇/水（0.7:4:0.8:4v/v/v/v）组成的亚利桑那系统进行分离，以产生富含具有高药理意义的类黄酮的馏分。
