Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2022 Aug 10;115(4):943-954. doi: 10.1093/jee/toab236.
Caneberries are trellised to facilitate harvest and agrochemical applications as well as to improve crop yield and quality. Trellising can also increase airflow and light penetration within the canopy and affect its microclimate. We compared an experimental trellis that split the canopy into halves to standard I- and V-trellises, measuring Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) fruit infestation as well as canopy temperature and relative humidity in raspberries at two commercial you-pick diversified farms. To evaluate the combined effects of trellising systems and pruning, we pruned one half of each row in blackberry plantings at two research farms and assessed D. suzukii infestation, canopy microclimate (temperature, relative humidity, and light intensity), fruit quality parameters (interior temperature, total soluble solids, and penetration force), and spray coverage/deposition. Trellis installation costs, labor inputs, and yield were used to further evaluate the trellis systems from an economic perspective. Fruit quality was not affected by trellising or pruning and lower total yield was observed in the experimental trellis treatment on one farm. Although D. suzukii infestation was only affected by trellising and pruning at one site, we observed a relationship between higher temperatures and reduced infestation on nearly all farms. Occasionally, lower relative humidity and high light intensity corresponded with lower infestation. Ultimately, the experimental trellis was less economically efficient than other trellising systems and our ability to successfully manipulate habitat favorability varied in a site-specific manner. Drosophila suzukii management approaches that rely upon unfavorable conditions are likely to be more effective in hot, dry regions.
藤本浆果作物采用棚架栽培，以促进收获和农用化学品的应用，同时提高作物的产量和质量。棚架栽培还可以增加树冠内的空气流通和光照穿透，从而影响其小气候。我们将实验棚架（将树冠分为两半）与标准的 I 型和 V 型棚架进行了比较，在两个商业采摘多样化农场的覆盆子中测量了果蝇（Matsumura）果实的侵染情况以及树冠温度和相对湿度。为了评估棚架系统和修剪的综合效应，我们在两个研究农场的黑莓种植园中修剪了每一行的一半，并评估了果蝇的侵染情况、树冠小气候（温度、相对湿度和光照强度）、果实品质参数（内部温度、总可溶性固体和穿透力）以及喷雾覆盖率/沉积。棚架安装成本、劳动力投入和产量用于从经济角度进一步评估棚架系统。果实品质不受棚架或修剪的影响，在一个农场的实验棚架处理中观察到总产量较低。尽管果蝇的侵染仅在一个地点受到棚架和修剪的影响，但我们在几乎所有农场都观察到温度升高和侵染减少之间存在关系。偶尔，相对湿度较低和光照强度较高与侵染减少相对应。最终，实验棚架的经济效益不如其他棚架系统，我们成功操纵生境适宜性的能力在特定地点有所不同。依赖不利条件的果蝇管理方法可能在炎热干燥的地区更有效。
