Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjukuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
Department of Clinical Biomechanics, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjukuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
J Orthop Surg Res. 2021 Dec 30;16(1):739. doi: 10.1186/s13018-021-02893-6.
Although fatigue is known as one of the risk factors for noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury, the effects of fatigue and recovery can be different based on the level of competition. However, it is unknown whether female recreational athletes are susceptible to fatigue or not, compared to female collegiate athletes with greater physical activity. The purpose of the present study was to examine and clarify the effects of fatigue and recovery on knee biomechanics of the drop vertical jump (DVJ) in female recreational athletes compared to female collegiate athletes.
Fifteen female collegiate athletes and ten female recreational athletes were enrolled in the current study. All subjects were basketball players and Tegner activity scales were level 9 and 7, respectively. They performed DVJ before and after the fatigue protocol. Three-dimensional knee kinematics and kinetics were collected during landing phase of DVJ. The data after the fatigue protocol (first, second, and third DVJs) were compared with those before the protocol using one-way repeated measures of analysis of variance in each group.
Fatigue caused significant increase of knee abduction angle at initial contact (IC) and peak abduction moments within 40 ms from IC in female recreational athletes, whereas no increases of these parameters were observed in female collegiate athletes. Moreover, recovery from fatigue seemed to be more slowly in female recreational athletes than in female collegiate athletes as smaller knee flexion moment was observed even in post-fatigue third DVJ only for female recreational athletes.
Effects of fatigue on DVJ were significantly greater and continued for a longer duration in female recreational athletes compared to female collegiate athletes.
尽管疲劳被认为是导致非接触性前交叉韧带损伤的一个风险因素，但疲劳和恢复的影响可能因比赛水平而异。然而，与身体活动量更大的女性大学生运动员相比，女性休闲运动员是否容易疲劳尚不清楚。本研究的目的是检验和阐明疲劳和恢复对女性休闲运动员和女性大学生运动员垂直跳（DVJ）膝关节生物力学的影响。
本研究纳入了 15 名女性大学生运动员和 10 名女性休闲运动员。所有受试者均为篮球运动员，Tegner 活动量表评分为 9 级和 7 级。他们在疲劳方案前后进行了 DVJ。在 DVJ 落地阶段采集了三维膝关节运动学和动力学数据。使用每组的单向重复测量方差分析比较疲劳方案前后（第一次、第二次和第三次 DVJ）的数据。
疲劳导致女性休闲运动员在初始接触（IC）时膝关节外展角度和 IC 后 40 毫秒内峰值外展力矩显著增加，而女性大学生运动员则没有这些参数的增加。此外，女性休闲运动员的疲劳恢复似乎比女性大学生运动员更慢，因为即使在疲劳后的第三次 DVJ 中，女性休闲运动员的膝关节屈曲力矩也较小。
与女性大学生运动员相比，疲劳对女性休闲运动员垂直跳的影响更大，持续时间更长。
