TERI-Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, TERI Gram, The Energy and Resources Institute, Gwal Pahari, Gurgaon Faridabad Road, Gurgaon, Haryana, 122001, India.
Arch Microbiol. 2021 Dec 30;204(1):105. doi: 10.1007/s00203-021-02651-6.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are ubiquitous endosymbionts of terrestrial plants. It helps plants to extract more nutrients from the soil and enhances the plant tolerance to various ecological stress factors. The AM fungal genome sequence helps to identify the gene repertoires that are crucial for adaptation to different habitat and mechanisms for interaction with host plant. The present work comprises the first draft of the genome sequence of Rhizophagus proliferus, which is an important AM species present in biofertilizer consortia for agricultural purpose. The estimated genome size of R. proliferus is ~ 110 Mbps and its genomic assembly is 94.35% complete. Genome mining was carried out to identify putative gene families important for biological functions. A total of 22,526 protein-coding genes were estimated in the genome, with an abundance of kinases and reduced number of glycoside hydrolases as compared to other fungal classes. A striking finding in the R. proliferus genome was higher number of carbohydrate esterases (CE), which may suggest towards presence of higher saprotrophic activity in this species as compared to the previously reported AM fungi, which may indicate towards its role as a link between plants and soil mineral nutrients. The genome sequence and annotation of R. proliferus presented here would serve as an important reference for functional genomics studies required for developing biofertilizer formulations in future. In addition, the findings from this work may also prove important in deciphering molecular mechanisms in AM fungi that govern the host-specific interaction and associated agriculture benefits.
丛枝菌根（AM）真菌是陆地植物普遍存在的内共生体。它有助于植物从土壤中提取更多的营养物质，并增强植物对各种生态胁迫因子的耐受性。AM 真菌的基因组序列有助于鉴定对适应不同生境和与宿主植物相互作用机制至关重要的基因组合。本工作包含了生物肥料混合物中重要 AM 物种 R. proliferus 的基因组序列草图，该菌用于农业目的。R. proliferus 的估计基因组大小约为 110 Mbps，其基因组组装完整度为 94.35%。通过基因组挖掘来鉴定对生物功能重要的假定基因家族。在基因组中估计有 22,526 个蛋白质编码基因，与其他真菌类群相比，激酶丰富，糖苷水解酶数量减少。在 R. proliferus 基因组中一个显著的发现是更高数量的碳水化合物酯酶（CE），这可能表明该物种具有更高的腐生活性，而这在之前报道的 AM 真菌中并不明显，这可能表明它在植物和土壤矿物养分之间的联系中发挥作用。这里呈现的 R. proliferus 基因组序列和注释将作为未来开发生物肥料制剂所需的功能基因组学研究的重要参考。此外，这项工作的结果也可能有助于破译 AM 真菌中控制宿主特异性相互作用和相关农业效益的分子机制。
