Wettstein Markus, Nowossadeck Sonja, Vogel Claudia
German Centre of Gerontology.
Psychol Aging. 2022 Mar;37(2):175-189. doi: 10.1037/pag0000664. Epub 2021 Dec 30.
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has led to profound changes in individuals' lives and might have meaningful implications for well-being. We investigated if and how two major indicators of well-being (life satisfaction and depressive symptoms) changed in Germany from a prepandemic measurement occasion (2017) to June/July 2020, the time of the fading first wave of COVID-19. This change was compared with prepandemic change between 2014 and 2017. We also analyzed whether change in well-being varied according to age, self-rated health, corona-specific attitudes, and subjective standard of living. Ten thousand seven-hundred and ninety three individuals had taken part in at least one of the measurement occasions between 2014 and 2020 (mean age in 2014: 64.30 years; = 11.58 years). Based on latent change score models controlling for baseline well-being and sociodemographic indicators, we found, across both time intervals (2014-2017, 2017-2020) and independent of individuals' age, a small mean-level increase in life satisfaction. In contrast, depressive symptoms increased from 2017 to 2020, particularly among older participants, whereas they remained, on average, stable between 2014 and 2017. Individuals with a poorer self-rated health, who felt more threatened by the pandemic and whose subjective standard of living was lower revealed a decrease in life satisfaction and a steeper increase in depressive symptoms between 2017 and 2020. Our findings thus suggest that whereas life satisfaction remained quite stable, the pandemic was, already 3-4 months after its onset in Germany, accompanied by an increase in depressive symptoms, particularly among adults who were older, felt less healthy and were more concerned about COVID-19. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行给个人生活带来了深刻变化,可能对幸福感产生重大影响。我们调查了德国从大流行前的测量时间点(2017年)到2020年6月/7月(即COVID-19第一波疫情消退之时),幸福感的两个主要指标(生活满意度和抑郁症状)是否以及如何发生了变化。将这一变化与2014年至2017年大流行前的变化进行了比较。我们还分析了幸福感的变化是否因年龄、自我评定的健康状况、对新冠疫情的态度以及主观生活水平而有所不同。1793人参与了2014年至2020年期间至少一次测量(2014年的平均年龄:64.30岁;标准差 = 11.58岁)。基于控制基线幸福感和社会人口统计学指标的潜在变化分数模型,我们发现在两个时间间隔(2014 - 2017年,2017 - 2020年)内,且与个体年龄无关,生活满意度平均水平有小幅上升。相比之下,抑郁症状从2017年到2020年有所增加,尤其是在老年参与者中,而在2014年至2017年期间平均保持稳定。自我评定健康状况较差、感觉受疫情威胁更大且主观生活水平较低的个体,在2017年至2020年期间生活满意度下降,抑郁症状增加得更为明显。因此,我们的研究结果表明,尽管生活满意度保持相当稳定,但在德国疫情爆发3 - 4个月后,就伴随着抑郁症状的增加,尤其是在年龄较大、感觉健康状况较差且更担心COVID - 19的成年人中。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2022美国心理学会,保留所有权利)
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