新冠疫情是否影响了老年人对衰老的个人和总体看法?损失和收益的证据。
Has the COVID-19 pandemic affected older adults' personal and general views on aging? Evidence for losses and gains.
机构信息
Heidelberg University.
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University.
出版信息
Dev Psychol. 2022 Jun;58(6):1188-1205. doi: 10.1037/dev0001348. Epub 2022 Mar 21.
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic might have affected older adults' personal and general views on aging (VoA) because they were frequently, particularly during the early phase of the pandemic, portrayed as a homogeneous, vulnerable group in the media and in public debates. Also, their higher risk of severe COVID-19 disease progression as well as other pandemic-related stressors and restrictions might have impacted how older adults perceive their own aging. In this study, it was examined to which extent middle-aged and older adults' personal and general VoA changed due to the pandemic by distinguishing between normative age-graded change across multiple measurement occasions and potentially pandemic-specific history-graded change. Multiple VoA indicators (personal VoA: attitude toward own aging, subjective age, awareness of age-related change [gains and losses]; general VoA: domain-specific age stereotypes) of 423 German adults aged 40 years and older were assessed across three prepandemic measurement occasions (2012, 2015, and 2017) and one occasion after the pandemic's outbreak (summer 2020). Normative age-graded changes and pandemic-specific changes were estimated and compared using longitudinal multilevel regression analyses. Both perceived age-related gains and age-related losses decreased between 2012 and 2017, but increased thereafter between 2017 and 2020. Further, the overall change trend toward less positive attitude toward own aging slowed down from 2017 to 2020. There was also a slight trend toward younger subjective ages from 2017 to 2020. For most age stereotypes, pandemic-specific trends indicated a shift toward more negative stereotypes. These findings suggest that pandemic-specific changes in VoA are multidirectional, comprising perceptions of both losses and gains. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
新型冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行可能影响了老年人对衰老的个人和总体看法(VoA),因为他们在媒体和公共辩论中经常被描绘成一个同质的、脆弱的群体,尤其是在大流行的早期阶段。此外,他们患严重 COVID-19 疾病的风险增加,以及其他与大流行相关的压力和限制,可能影响了老年人对自身衰老的看法。在这项研究中,通过区分多次测量时的正常年龄分级变化和可能与大流行相关的历史分级变化,研究了由于大流行,中年和老年人的个人和总体 VoA 变化到何种程度。在 COVID-19 大流行爆发后的一个夏天(2020 年夏季),对 423 名年龄在 40 岁及以上的德国成年人的多个 VoA 指标(个人 VoA:对自身衰老的态度、主观年龄、对与年龄相关的变化的认识[得失];一般 VoA:特定领域的年龄刻板印象)进行了评估。使用纵向多层回归分析估计和比较了正常年龄分级变化和大流行特异性变化。2012 年至 2017 年间,感知到的与年龄相关的收益和损失都有所减少,但此后在 2017 年至 2020 年间有所增加。此外,从 2017 年到 2020 年,对自身衰老的态度不太积极的总体变化趋势放缓。2017 年至 2020 年,主观年龄也略有年轻化趋势。对于大多数年龄刻板印象,大流行特异性趋势表明向更负面的刻板印象转变。这些发现表明,VoA 的大流行特异性变化是多方向的,包括得失的感知。(PsycInfo 数据库记录(c)2022 APA,保留所有权利)。