J Sport Rehabil. 2022 May 1;31(4):457-464. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2021-0244. Epub 2021 Dec 30.
Acute lateral ankle sprain (LAS) is a common injury in athletes and is often associated with decreased athletic performance and, if treated poorly, can result in chronic ankle issues, such as instability. Physical performance demands, such as cutting, hopping, and landing, involved with certain sport participation suggests that the rehabilitation needs of an athlete after LAS may differ from those of the general population.
To review the literature to determine the most effective rehabilitation interventions reported for athletes returning to sport after acute LAS.
Data Sources: Databases PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and PEDro were searched to July 2020.
A scoping review protocol was developed and followed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines and registered (https://osf.io/bgek3/). Study selection included published articles on rehabilitation for ankle sprain in an athletic population.
Parameters included athlete and sport type, age, sex, intervention investigated, outcome measures, measurement tool, and follow-up period.
A qualitative synthesis for all articles was undertaken, and a quantitative subanalysis of randomized controlled trials and critical methodological appraisal was also conducted.
A total of 37 articles were included in this review consisting of 5 systematic and 20 narrative reviews, 7 randomized controlled trials, a single-case series, case report, position statement, critically appraised topic, and descriptive study. Randomized controlled trial interventions included early dynamic training, electrotherapy, and hydrotherapy.
Early dynamic training after acute LAS in athletes results in a shorter time to return to sport, increased functional performance, and decreased self-reported reinjury. The results of this scoping review support an early functional and dynamic rehabilitation approach when compared to passive interventions for athletes returning to sport after LAS. Despite existing research on rehabilitation of LAS in the general population, a lack of evidence exists related to athletes seeking to return to sport.
急性外踝扭伤（LAS）是运动员中常见的损伤，常与运动表现下降有关，如果治疗不当，可导致慢性踝关节问题，如不稳定。与某些运动参与相关的物理性能要求，如切割、跳跃和着陆，表明运动员 LAS 后的康复需求可能与普通人群不同。
综述文献，确定报道的 LAS 后重返运动的运动员最有效的康复干预措施。
数据来源：2020 年 7 月前，检索了 PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、SPORTDiscus 和 PEDro 数据库。
制定了一个范围综述方案，并按照系统评价和元分析扩展的首选报告项目以及范围综述指南进行了跟踪（https://osf.io/bgek3/）。研究选择包括针对运动人群踝关节扭伤康复的已发表文章。
参数包括运动员和运动类型、年龄、性别、研究干预措施、结果测量、测量工具和随访期。
对所有文章进行定性综合分析，并对随机对照试验进行定量子分析和批判性方法评估。
本综述共纳入 37 篇文章，包括 5 篇系统评价和 20 篇叙述性综述、7 篇随机对照试验、一个单一案例系列、病例报告、立场声明、批判性评估主题和描述性研究。随机对照试验干预措施包括早期动力训练、电疗和水疗。
运动员 LAS 后早期进行动力训练可缩短重返运动的时间，提高功能表现，降低自我报告的再受伤率。本范围综述的结果支持在 LAS 后重返运动的运动员中采用早期功能和动力康复方法，而不是采用被动干预措施。尽管针对普通人群的 LAS 康复有现有研究，但对于希望重返运动的运动员，相关证据仍存在不足。
