Centre Borelli UMR 9010, Université de Paris, CNRS, Paris, France.
PLoS One. 2021 Dec 30;16(12):e0261888. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261888. eCollection 2021.
Geometrical fencing is a scientific approach to fencing pioneered by Camillo Agrippa in the XVIth century which consists of characterizing the geometrical structure of fencing movements. Many geometrical spaces are involved in a duel, which evolve over time according to the skills of the fencers and the game rules. In this article, the concept of motion scheme is introduced as a flexible geometrical structure to represent fencing spaces evolving over time. The method is applied to the video of a duel of the Olympic games 2016. Five main results are presented. First, decisive actions of the duel are deduced from the distance between fencers. Second, footwork is reconstructed from horizontal movements of the feet. Third, a kinematic model is developed and compared with data in the literature. Fourth, the lunge attack is characterized and compared with data in the literature. Fifth, the role of the free hand is studied in the case of protective and balancing gestures. These findings provide rich information on the geometrical structure of fencing movements as well as on the tactical-strategic choices made by the fencers in real competition conditions. Finally, four applications illustrate the scientific value of motion schemes in fencing and other sports.
几何 fencing是由十六世纪的卡米洛·阿格里帕开创的一种科学 fencing 方法，它包括描述 fencing 动作的几何结构。在一场决斗中涉及到许多几何空间，这些空间会根据 fencing 者的技能和比赛规则随着时间的推移而演变。在本文中，引入了运动方案的概念，作为一种灵活的几何结构来表示随时间演变的 fencing 空间。该方法应用于 2016 年奥运会的一场决斗视频。呈现了五个主要结果。首先，从 fencing 者之间的距离推断出决斗的决定性动作。其次，从脚部的水平运动重建步法。第三，开发了一个运动学模型并与文献中的数据进行了比较。第四，对刺击攻击进行了特征描述，并与文献中的数据进行了比较。第五，在保护和平衡姿势的情况下研究了自由手的作用。这些发现提供了关于 fencing 动作的几何结构以及 fencing 者在真实比赛条件下做出的战术战略选择的丰富信息。最后，四个应用说明了运动方案在 fencing 和其他运动中的科学价值。
