Ragland D R, Winkleby M A, Schwalbe J, Holman B L, Morse L, Syme S L, Fisher J M
Int J Epidemiol. 1987 Jun;16(2):208-14. doi: 10.1093/ije/16.2.208.
This paper reports the results of a cross-sectional study conducted to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension in 1500 black and white male bus drivers from a large urban transit system in the US. Data for this study were compiled from the files of an occupational health clinic which conducts biennial medical examinations for drivers' license renewal. To test whether prevalence of hypertension was higher among bus drivers than among employed individuals in general, drivers were compared to three groups: individuals from both a national and local health survey and individuals undergoing baseline health examinations prior to employment as bus drivers. After adjustment for age and race, hypertension rates for bus drivers were significantly greater than rates for each of the three comparison groups. These findings support previous results from international studies of bus drivers suggesting that exposure to the occupation of driving a bus may carry increased health risk. This research has expanded into an on-going study which has the goals of clarifying the extent of hypertension in bus drivers and identifying specific behavioural and occupational factors that may be responsible for increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
本文报告了一项横断面研究的结果，该研究旨在评估美国一个大型城市公交系统中1500名黑人和白人男性公交司机的高血压患病率。本研究的数据来自一家职业健康诊所的档案，该诊所每两年为司机进行一次驾照更新体检。为了测试公交司机中高血压的患病率是否高于一般就业人群，将司机与三组人群进行了比较：来自全国和地方健康调查的人群，以及在成为公交司机之前接受基线健康检查的人群。在调整年龄和种族后，公交司机的高血压患病率显著高于三个比较组中的每一组。这些发现支持了之前对公交司机的国际研究结果，表明从事公交驾驶职业可能会增加健康风险。这项研究已扩展为一项正在进行的研究，其目标是明确公交司机中高血压的程度，并确定可能导致心血管疾病风险增加的具体行为和职业因素。
