滑雪几何参数在休闲高山滑雪的 ACL 损伤机制之间没有差异。
Ski-geometric parameters do not differ between ACL injury mechanisms in recreational alpine skiing.
机构信息
Department of Sport Science of the University of Innsbruck, Fürstenweg 185, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
University College of Education (KPH) Stams, 6422, Stams, Austria.
出版信息
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2022 Jun;30(6):2141-2148. doi: 10.1007/s00167-021-06852-w. Epub 2021 Dec 31.
PURPOSE
It is not known so far if ski-equipment-related factors differ between the ACL injury mechanisms, potentially influencing the circumstances and causes of falling, finally resulting in ACL injury. More specifically focusing on the injury mechanisms will provide a deeper understanding of injury causation. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether ACL injury mechanisms in recreational alpine skiing differ with regard to ski-geometric parameters, self-reported circumstances and causes of accident and injury severity.
METHODS
Among a cohort of 392 ACL-injured (57.9% females) skiers, age, sex, height, weight, skill level, risk-taking behavior, circumstances and causes of accident, and ACL injury severity were collected by questionnaire. Additionally, patients had to recall their type of fall (ACL injury mechanism) by classifying forward and backward falls with and without body rotation. Ski length, side cut radius and widths of the tip, waist and tail were directly notated from the ski.
RESULTS
The forward fall with body rotation was the most common reported ACL injury mechanism (63%). A riskier behavior was associated with forward falls without body rotation. Ski-geometric parameters did not significantly influence the type of ACL injury mechanism. Regarding accident characteristics, catching an edge of the ski was more frequent (p < 0.001) the cause for forward falls (75% and 67%) when compared to the backward falls (46 and 15%) and executing a turn was the most frequent action in all falls (39-68%). A complete rupture of the ACL (66-70%) was more commonly reported than a partial tear (30-34%) among all four non-contact ACL injury mechanisms (n.s.).
CONCLUSION
In contrast to risk-taking behavior and accident characteristics, ski-geometric parameters and injury severity do not significantly differ between ACL injury mechanisms in recreational skiing. Thus, an individual skiing style seems to have more impact on ACL injury mechanisms than ski equipment. Future studies should evaluate potential effects of ski geometry on the incidence of ACL injury.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
III.
目的
目前尚不清楚与滑雪装备相关的因素是否在 ACL 损伤机制中存在差异，这些因素可能会影响摔倒的情况和原因，最终导致 ACL 损伤。更具体地关注损伤机制将提供对损伤原因的更深入理解。本研究的目的是评估在娱乐性高山滑雪中，ACL 损伤机制是否因滑雪几何参数、自我报告的事故情况和原因以及 ACL 损伤严重程度而存在差异。
方法
在一个由 392 名 ACL 损伤（57.9%为女性）滑雪者组成的队列中，通过问卷调查收集了年龄、性别、身高、体重、技能水平、冒险行为、事故情况和原因以及 ACL 损伤严重程度。此外，患者还必须通过将向前和向后摔倒分为有和没有身体旋转来回忆他们的摔倒类型（ACL 损伤机制）。滑雪板的长度、侧切半径以及滑雪板的前端、腰部和尾部的宽度直接从滑雪板上标注出来。
结果
最常见的报告 ACL 损伤机制是带有身体旋转的向前摔倒（63%）。更冒险的行为与无身体旋转的向前摔倒有关。滑雪几何参数并没有显著影响 ACL 损伤机制的类型。关于事故特征，与向后摔倒相比，向前摔倒时更频繁地（p < 0.001）因踩到滑雪板的边缘而摔倒（75%和 67%），而在所有摔倒中，执行转弯是最常见的动作（39-68%）。在所有四种非接触性 ACL 损伤机制中，完全断裂（66-70%）比部分撕裂（30-34%）更常见（无统计学差异）。
结论
与冒险行为和事故特征不同，ACL 损伤机制在娱乐性滑雪中，滑雪装备和损伤严重程度之间没有显著差异。因此，个人滑雪风格似乎对 ACL 损伤机制的影响大于滑雪装备。未来的研究应该评估滑雪几何形状对 ACL 损伤发生率的潜在影响。
证据水平
III。
Zotero 插件