Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Harry Butler Institute, Vector- and Water-Borne Pathogen Research Group, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia.
Trends Parasitol. 2022 Apr;38(4):335-343. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2021.12.002. Epub 2021 Dec 28.
Zoonotic cryptosporidiosis is a major public health problem in industrialized nations; in those countries it is caused mainly by Cryptosporidium parvum IIa subtypes that are prevalent in dairy calves. Because of the short history of intensive animal farming in China, strains of C. parvum are found only on some dairy farms in this country and are the IId subtypes. However, the prevalence of C. parvum is increasing rapidly, with IIa subtypes recently detected in a few grazing animals, and both IIa and IId subtypes are emerging in humans. As animal farming intensifies, China may follow in the footsteps of industrialized nations where zoonotic cryptosporidiosis is rampant. One Health and biosecurity measures are urgently needed to slow down the dispersal of autochthonous IId subtypes and imported IIa subtypes.
人畜共患隐孢子虫病是工业化国家的一个主要公共卫生问题；在这些国家，主要由在奶牛犊中流行的微小隐孢子虫 IIa 亚型引起。由于中国集约化动物养殖的历史较短，在中国，隐孢子虫只存在于该国的一些奶牛场，而且是 IId 亚型。然而，隐孢子虫的流行率正在迅速上升，最近在一些放牧动物中检测到了 IIa 亚型，而 IIa 和 IId 亚型也在人类中出现。随着动物养殖的集约化，中国可能会效仿工业化国家，那里的人畜共患隐孢子虫病猖獗。迫切需要采取“同一健康”和生物安保措施来减缓本土 IId 亚型和输入性 IIa 亚型的传播。
