Buchanan Rachel, Wieckowski Przemyslaw, Matechou Eleni, Katzer Frank, Tsaousis Anastasios D, Farré Marta
School of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.
School of Mathematics, Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.
Curr Res Parasitol Vector Borne Dis. 2025 May 8;7:100264. doi: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100264. eCollection 2025.
The apicomplexan parasites spp. are the causative agents of a severe diarrhoeal disease called cryptosporidiosis. species are capable of infecting a wide range of vertebrate hosts, including humans and livestock. In cattle, cryptosporidiosis is now one of the most important causes of neonatal scour globally, either as a sole agent or co-infecting with other pathogens. Cryptosporidiosis is considered globally endemic, with a prevalence of in stool samples from 13% to 93% in European cattle. This disease has a significant economic burden, with costs associated with veterinary diagnosis and medication, animal rearing, and supplemental nutrition. It is also associated with a reduced long-term growth rate in calves, causing huge economic losses in the livestock industry. Moreover, cattle act as a zoonotic reservoir for , a species that is capable of infecting humans as well. As such, monitoring the prevalence of spp. in cattle is important due to the public health risk and financial burden the clinical disease causes. Publications reporting on the prevalence of spp. in cattle were collected from PubMed and Google Scholar. Information regarding the age of the animals, the species of in positive samples, the genotype of found in samples, and the diarrhoeic status of the cattle was collected where available. A total of 248 publications were collected for this meta-analysis from six continents and 63 countries to provide an estimation for global bovine prevalence. The global prevalence of infection ranged between 27.0% and 37.5% in calves and pre-weaned cattle, respectively, with being the most frequently identified species, particularly the IIa subfamily. Diarrhoea was reported in 7080 pre-weaned cattle samples, of which 38.1% tested positive for . Regarding symptoms, we found that in countries reporting over 50% of diarrhoeic positive cattle, was the most common species. Continued monitoring and reporting of spp. in cattle are crucial for both public health and economic reasons. Consequently, efforts should focus on underreported regions and the development of control measures to reduce prevalence and limit zoonotic transmission.
顶复门寄生虫隐孢子虫属是一种名为隐孢子虫病的严重腹泻疾病的病原体。该属物种能够感染包括人类和牲畜在内的多种脊椎动物宿主。在牛群中，隐孢子虫病现在是全球新生犊牛腹泻最重要的病因之一，无论是作为单一病原体还是与其他病原体共同感染。隐孢子虫病被认为在全球范围内流行，在欧洲牛的粪便样本中，患病率在13%至93%之间。这种疾病带来了巨大的经济负担，包括兽医诊断和用药、动物饲养以及补充营养等方面的成本。它还与犊牛长期生长速度下降有关，给畜牧业造成巨大经济损失。此外，牛是隐孢子虫的人畜共患病宿主，该物种也能够感染人类。因此，鉴于临床疾病带来的公共卫生风险和经济负担，监测牛群中隐孢子虫属的患病率非常重要。从PubMed和谷歌学术收集了关于牛群中隐孢子虫属患病率的出版物。在可行的情况下，收集了有关动物年龄、阳性样本中隐孢子虫的种类、样本中发现的隐孢子虫基因型以及牛的腹泻状况的信息。为了对全球牛群隐孢子虫患病率进行估计，从六大洲63个国家共收集了248篇出版物用于这项荟萃分析。犊牛和断奶前犊牛中隐孢子虫感染的全球患病率分别在27.0%至37.5%之间，其中微小隐孢子虫是最常被鉴定出的物种，特别是IIa亚科。在7080份断奶前犊牛样本中报告了腹泻情况，其中38.1%检测出隐孢子虫呈阳性。关于症状，我们发现在报告腹泻阳性牛超过50%的国家，微小隐孢子虫是最常见的物种。持续监测和报告牛群中的隐孢子虫属对于公共卫生和经济原因都至关重要。因此，应将工作重点放在报告不足的地区，并制定控制措施以降低患病率和限制人畜共患病传播。
