Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran.
Department of Anatomical Sciences & Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022 Feb;133:104516. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.104516. Epub 2021 Dec 29.
In this review study, we aimed to introduce the orexinergic system as an important signaling pathway involved in a variety of cognitive functions such as memory, motivation, and reward-related behaviors. This study focused on the role of orexinergic system in modulating reward-related behavior, with or without the presence of stressors. Cross-talk between the reward system and orexinergic signaling was also investigated, especially orexinergic signaling in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), the nucleus accumbens (NAc), and the hippocampus. Furthermore, we discussed the role of the orexinergic system in modulating mood states and mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety, panic, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here, we narrowed down our focus on the orexinergic signaling in three brain regions: the VTA, NAc, and the hippocampus (CA1 region and dentate gyrus) for their prominent role in reward-related behaviors and memory. It was concluded that the orexinergic system is critically involved in reward-related behavior and significantly alters stress responses and stress-related psychiatric and mood disorders.
在这项综述研究中，我们旨在介绍食欲素能系统作为一种重要的信号通路，参与多种认知功能，如记忆、动机和与奖励相关的行为。本研究重点探讨了食欲素能系统在调节与奖励相关的行为中的作用，包括有无应激源的情况下。还研究了奖励系统与食欲素能信号之间的串扰，特别是腹侧被盖区（VTA）、伏隔核（NAc）和海马体中的食欲素能信号。此外，我们还讨论了食欲素能系统在调节情绪状态和精神疾病（如抑郁症、焦虑症、恐慌症和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD））中的作用。在这里，我们将重点放在三个脑区的食欲素能信号上：VTA、NAc 和海马体（CA1 区和齿状回），因为它们在与奖励相关的行为和记忆中起着重要作用。结论是，食欲素能系统在与奖励相关的行为中起着至关重要的作用，并显著改变应激反应和与应激相关的精神和情绪障碍。
