NOBIPOL, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 6/8, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
LCPO, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5629, ENSCBP, 16, Avenue Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France.
Carbohydr Polym. 2022 Feb 15;278:118840. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118840. Epub 2021 Nov 8.
Engineered block polysaccharides is a relatively new class of biomacromolecules consisting of chemical assembly of separate block structures at the chain termini. In contrast to conventional, laterally substituted polysaccharide derivatives, the block arrangement allows for much higher preservation of inherent chain properties such as biodegradability and stimuli-responsive self-assembly, while at the same time inducing new macromolecular properties. Abundant, carbon neutral, and even recalcitrant biomass is an excellent source of blocks, opening for numerous new uses of biomass for a wide range of novel biomaterials. Among a limited range of methodologies available for block conjugation, bifunctional linkers allowing for oxyamine and hydrazide 'click' reactions have recently proven useful additions to the repertoire. This article focuses the chemistry and kinetics of these reactions. It also presents some new data with the aim to provide useful protocols and methods for general use towards new block polysaccharides.
工程化嵌段多糖是一类相对较新的生物大分子，由链末端的单独嵌段结构的化学组装而成。与传统的、侧向取代的多糖衍生物不同，嵌段排列允许更高程度地保留固有链性质，如生物降解性和刺激响应性自组装，同时诱导新的大分子性质。丰富的、碳中性的，甚至是顽固的生物质是嵌段的极好来源，为广泛的新型生物材料的生物质的许多新用途开辟了道路。在有限的嵌段偶联方法中，最近证明允许氧胺和酰腙“点击”反应的双官能链接剂是有用的补充。本文重点介绍这些反应的化学和动力学。它还提供了一些新的数据，旨在为新的嵌段多糖的一般用途提供有用的协议和方法。
