Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
School of Basic Medical Sciences, 330006, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Biochimie. 2022 Mar;194:79-95. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.12.014. Epub 2021 Dec 30.
Gastrointestinal tract is important for digestion, absorption, detoxification and immunity. Gastrointestinal diseases are mainly caused by the imbalance of protective and attacking factors in gastrointestinal mucosa, which can seriously harm human health. Phospholipase A (PLA) is a large family closely involved in lipid metabolism and is found in almost all human cells. A growing number of studies have revealed that its metabolites are deeply implicated in various inflammatory pathways and also regulates the maintenance of numerous biological events such as dietary digestion, membrane remodeling, barrier action, and host immunity. In addition to their phospholipase activity, some members of the superfamily also have other catalytic activities. Based on the in-depth effects of phospholipase A2 on bioactive lipid metabolism and inflammatory cytokines, PLA and its metabolites are likely to be involved in the pathogenesis, development or prevention of gastrointestinal diseases. Therefore, this review will focus on the physiological and pathogenic roles of several important PLA enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract, and reveals the potential of PLA as a therapeutic target for gastrointestinal diseases.
胃肠道对于消化、吸收、解毒和免疫至关重要。胃肠道疾病主要是由于胃肠道黏膜中保护和攻击因素的失衡引起的，这些疾病严重危害人类健康。磷脂酶 A（PLA）是一个与脂质代谢密切相关的大家族，几乎存在于所有人类细胞中。越来越多的研究表明，其代谢产物与各种炎症途径密切相关，并且还调节许多生物事件的维持，如饮食消化、膜重塑、屏障作用和宿主免疫。除了磷脂酶活性外，该超家族的一些成员还具有其他催化活性。基于磷脂酶 A2 对生物活性脂质代谢和炎症细胞因子的深入影响，PLA 及其代谢产物可能参与胃肠道疾病的发病机制、发展或预防。因此，本综述将重点关注胃肠道中几种重要 PLA 酶的生理和病理作用，并揭示 PLA 作为胃肠道疾病治疗靶点的潜力。
