Asaki S, Sato H, Sato A, Ohara S, Shibuya D, Motojima T, Meguro S, Tamura T
Tohoku J Exp Med. 1987 Apr;151(4):363-71. doi: 10.1620/tjem.151.363.
It has been considered that the rupture of esophageal varices occurs with high incidences, and once bleeding occurs it sometimes cause fetal massive bleeding. However, from our experiences with the active application of emergency endoscopy, the incidence of bleeding from varix was unexpectedly low. From these results, we studied the rupture signs of esophageal varices in experiments on dogs and clinical cases. The actual rupture signs of varices were summarized as active bleeding, adhesion of fresh clot, mucosal protrusion in a conical shape and white discoloration of its top area and mucosal slight elevation and attachment of fibrin thrombi. Further studies, however, are required to determine whether there are any varicose bleedings which do not show the above rupture signs.
人们一直认为食管静脉曲张破裂的发生率很高，一旦出血有时会导致胎儿大量出血。然而，根据我们积极应用急诊内镜的经验，静脉曲张出血的发生率出乎意料地低。基于这些结果，我们在犬类实验和临床病例中研究了食管静脉曲张的破裂征象。静脉曲张的实际破裂征象总结为活动性出血、新鲜血凝块粘连、呈圆锥形的黏膜突出及其顶部区域的白色变色以及黏膜轻微隆起和纤维蛋白血栓附着。然而，还需要进一步研究以确定是否存在未表现出上述破裂征象的静脉曲张出血情况。
