Latif Rabia, Alali Sara, AlNujaidi Rasha, Alotaibi Leyan, Alghamdi Nada, Alblaies Maha
Physiology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU.
Infectious Diseases, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU.
Cureus. 2021 Nov 17;13(11):e19652. doi: 10.7759/cureus.19652. eCollection 2021 Nov.
Introduction With the expeditious spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), healthcare workers have undoubtedly faced a higher risk of contracting the disease compared to the general public. This study aimed to stratify the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 infection among healthcare workers in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia and shed light on their level of knowledge, attitude, and fear towards the disease. Methods A quantitative cross-sectional study, involving 978 Arabic and English-speaking healthcare workers, was conducted using a self-administered online questionnaire. The knowledge, attitude, and fear scales were developed by researchers using the most updated information regarding coronavirus disease 2019. The Objective Risk Stratification tool developed in the United Kingdom was used to measure the risk level of contracting coronavirus disease 2019. Collected data were analyzed and interpreted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software. Results Out of the 978 participants, 63.1% were female, 74.6% were 20-39 years old, 86.9% were Saudis, and 31.3% worked as physicians. The most common health-related risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 among the study participants were smoking (23.4%), sickle cell trait (22.8%), and asthma (21.2%). The risk of contracting coronavirus disease 2019 was found to be low in 87.2% of participants, with those significantly at higher risk being male, non-Saudis, black Africans, and 70-79 years old. The knowledge level was found to be high among 54.7% of participants, with significantly higher levels being reported among females, non-Saudis, and participants who were either physicians or pharmacists. The most commonly cited source of knowledge was the Saudi Ministry of Health (82%). Participants largely demonstrated a positive attitude towards the disease (53.9%), particularly those working as physicians and in the governmental sector. The majority of participants (54.4%) were found to have a high level of fear toward the disease, with significantly higher levels being reported among females, 30-39 years old, and those who were either nurses or pharmacists. Conclusion The present study demonstrated significant sociodemographic variability among healthcare workers in the Eastern province, with respect to their risk of contracting coronavirus disease 2019 and their levels of knowledge, attitude, and fear toward the disease.
引言 随着2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的迅速传播，医护人员感染该疾病的风险无疑高于普通公众。本研究旨在对沙特阿拉伯东部省份医护人员感染2019冠状病毒病的风险进行分层，并阐明他们对该疾病的知识水平、态度和恐惧程度。方法 采用自行填写的在线问卷进行了一项定量横断面研究，涉及978名讲阿拉伯语和英语的医护人员。知识、态度和恐惧量表由研究人员根据有关2019冠状病毒病的最新信息编制。使用英国开发的客观风险分层工具来衡量感染2019冠状病毒病的风险水平。使用社会科学统计软件对收集到的数据进行分析和解释。结果 在978名参与者中，63.1%为女性，74.6%年龄在20至39岁之间，86.9%为沙特人，31.3%为医生。研究参与者中，2019冠状病毒病严重程度最常见的健康相关风险因素是吸烟（23.4%）、镰状细胞性状（22.8%）和哮喘（21.2%）。发现87.2%的参与者感染2019冠状病毒病的风险较低，风险显著较高的是男性、非沙特人、非洲黑人以及70至79岁的人。54.7%的参与者知识水平较高，女性、非沙特人以及医生或药剂师参与者的知识水平显著更高。最常被提及的知识来源是沙特卫生部（82%）。参与者对该疾病大多表现出积极态度（53.9%），尤其是医生和政府部门的工作人员。大多数参与者（54.4%）被发现对该疾病有高度恐惧，女性、30至39岁的人以及护士或药剂师的恐惧程度显著更高。结论 本研究表明，沙特阿拉伯东部省份的医护人员在感染2019冠状病毒病的风险以及他们对该疾病的知识、态度和恐惧程度方面存在显著的社会人口统计学差异。
