Jørstad S
Blood Purif. 1987;5(2-3):123-37. doi: 10.1159/000169462.
The biocompatibility of different membranes was assessed by measuring changes in different white blood cell counts, PGE2 concentrations, thromboplastin activity, production of anaphylatoxins and clinical parameters during treatment. The in vivo recorded complement activation was compared with in vitro experiments. Hemodialysis (HD) treatment was performed with 5 different membranes. Plasmapheresis was run with cellulose diacetate membranes in single (SMF) and double (DMF) membrane filtration and with a new polycarbonate membrane in SMF. The polysulfone membrane was found to be the most, and the cuprophane membrane the least biocompatible membrane in HD. However, large individual differences from one HD patient to the other were found. In contrast to the cellulose diacetate membrane, the polycarbonate membrane apparently activated no complement along the blood-membrane interface during plasmapheresis, but activated large amounts within the membrane matrix. High blood concentrations of C5a were promptly cleared in the body, while high concentrations of C3a seemed to block the removal of this substance from the blood compartment. Even when the patients had high blood concentrations of anaphylatoxins throughout the plasmapheresis treatments using cellulose diacetate membranes and when a significant activation of PGE2 was found in patient plasma, no activation of thromboplastin was recorded on the surface circulating monocytes.
通过测量治疗期间不同白细胞计数、前列腺素E2浓度、凝血活酶活性、过敏毒素产生以及临床参数的变化，评估不同膜的生物相容性。将体内记录的补体激活情况与体外实验进行比较。使用5种不同的膜进行血液透析（HD）治疗。采用醋酸纤维素膜进行单膜过滤（SMF）和双膜过滤（DMF）的血浆置换，并在SMF中使用新型聚碳酸酯膜进行血浆置换。在血液透析中，聚砜膜被发现生物相容性最高，而铜氨膜生物相容性最低。然而，发现不同血液透析患者之间存在很大的个体差异。与醋酸纤维素膜不同，聚碳酸酯膜在血浆置换过程中沿血膜界面显然未激活补体，但在膜基质内激活了大量补体。体内高浓度的C5a能迅速清除，而高浓度的C3a似乎阻碍了该物质从血液中清除。即使在使用醋酸纤维素膜进行血浆置换治疗期间患者血液中过敏毒素浓度很高，且在患者血浆中发现前列腺素E2有显著激活时，循环单核细胞表面也未记录到凝血活酶的激活。
