Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022 Jan 4;23(1):30. doi: 10.1186/s12891-021-04974-3.
The anatomical variation of the coracoglenoid space has the potential to influence the stability of scapular neck fractures. This paper aimed to investigate the mechanical mechanism underlying the influence of different coracoglenoid space types on scapular neck fractures by morphometric analysis and biomechanical experiments.
The morphology of 68 dried scapulae (left: 36; right: 32) was studied. Two variables, the length of the coracoglenoid distance (CGD) and the coracoglenoid notch (CGN), were measured. The distribution of CGN/CGD × 100% was used to identify the morphology of the coracoglenoid space. Each specimen was tested for failure under static axial compression loading. The average failure load, stiffness, and energy were calculated.
Two coracoglenoid space types were identified. The incidence of Type I (''hook'' shape) was 53%, and that of Type II (''square bracket'' shape) was 47%. The CGD and CGN were significantly higher for type I than type II (13.81 ± 0.74 mm vs. 11.50 ± 1.03 mm, P < 0.05; 4.74 ± 0.45 mm vs. 2.61 ± 0.45 mm, P < 0.05). The average maximum failure load of the two types was 1270.82 ± 318.85 N and 1529.18 ± 467.29 N, respectively (P = 0.011). The stiffness and energy were significantly higher for type II than type I (896.75 ± 281.14 N/mm vs. 692.91 ± 217.95 N/mm, P = 0.001; 2100.38 ± 649.54 N × mm vs. 1712.71 ± 626.02 N × mm, P = 0.015).
There was great interindividual variation in the anatomical morphology of the coracoglenoid space. Type I (hook-like) spaces bore lower forces, were less stiff, and bore less energy, which may constitute an anatomical predisposition to scapular neck fractures.
喙锁间隙的解剖变异有可能影响肩胛颈骨折的稳定性。本文旨在通过形态计量分析和生物力学实验，研究不同喙锁间隙类型对肩胛颈骨折影响的力学机制。
研究了 68 个干肩胛骨（左侧：36 个；右侧：32 个）的形态。测量了两个变量，即喙突与肩峰距离（CGD）和喙突与肩峰切迹（CGN）的长度。使用 CGN/CGD×100%分布来识别喙锁间隙的形态。对每个标本进行静态轴向压缩加载下的失效测试。计算平均失效载荷、刚度和能量。
确定了两种喙锁间隙类型。I 型（“钩状”）的发生率为 53%，II 型（“方括号”状）的发生率为 47%。I 型的 CGD 和 CGN 明显高于 II 型（13.81±0.74mm 比 11.50±1.03mm，P<0.05；4.74±0.45mm 比 2.61±0.45mm，P<0.05）。两种类型的平均最大失效载荷分别为 1270.82±318.85N 和 1529.18±467.29N（P=0.011）。II 型的刚度和能量明显高于 I 型（896.75±281.14N/mm 比 692.91±217.95N/mm，P=0.001；2100.38±649.54N×mm 比 1712.71±626.02N×mm，P=0.015）。
喙锁间隙的解剖形态存在很大的个体间差异。I 型（钩状）间隙承受的力较小，刚度较低，承受的能量较少，这可能构成肩胛颈骨折的解剖倾向。
