Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Centergrid.10419.3d, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Centergrid.10419.3d, Leiden, The Netherlands.
mSphere. 2022 Feb 23;7(1):e0091121. doi: 10.1128/msphere.00911-21. Epub 2022 Jan 5.
Phosphorylation is a posttranslational modification that can affect both housekeeping functions and virulence characteristics in bacterial pathogens. In the Gram-positive enteropathogen Clostridioides difficile, the extent and nature of phosphorylation events are poorly characterized, though a protein kinase mutant strain demonstrates pleiotropic phenotypes. Here, we used an immobilized metal affinity chromatography strategy to characterize serine, threonine, and tyrosine phosphorylation in C. difficile. We find limited protein phosphorylation in the exponential growth phase but a sharp increase in the number of phosphopeptides after the onset of the stationary growth phase. Our approach identifies expected targets and phosphorylation sites among the more than 1,500 phosphosites, including the protein kinase PrkC, the anti-sigma-F factor antagonist (SpoIIAA), the anti-sigma-B factor antagonist (RsbV), and HPr kinase/phosphorylase (HprK). Analysis of high-confidence phosphosites shows that phosphorylation on serine residues is most common, followed by threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation. This work forms the basis for a further investigation into the contributions of individual kinases to the overall phosphoproteome of C. difficile and the role of phosphorylation in C. difficile physiology and pathogenesis. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of protein phosphorylation in the Gram-positive enteropathogen Clostridioides difficile. To date, only limited evidence on the role of phosphorylation in the regulation of this organism has been published; the current study is expected to form the basis for research on this posttranslational modification in C. difficile. .
磷酸化是一种翻译后修饰,可影响细菌病原体的管家功能和毒力特征。在革兰氏阳性肠道病原体艰难梭菌中,磷酸化事件的程度和性质尚未得到很好的描述,尽管蛋白激酶突变株表现出多种表型。在这里,我们使用固定化金属亲和层析策略来表征艰难梭菌中的丝氨酸、苏氨酸和酪氨酸磷酸化。我们发现指数生长期的蛋白磷酸化程度有限,但在静止生长期开始后,磷酸肽的数量急剧增加。我们的方法在 1500 多个磷酸化位点中识别了预期的靶标和磷酸化位点,包括蛋白激酶 PrkC、抗σ-F 因子拮抗剂(SpoIIAA)、抗σ-B 因子拮抗剂(RsbV)和 HPr 激酶/磷酸化酶(HprK)。对高可信度磷酸化位点的分析表明,丝氨酸残基上的磷酸化最常见,其次是苏氨酸和酪氨酸磷酸化。这项工作为进一步研究个体激酶对艰难梭菌整体磷酸蛋白质组的贡献以及磷酸化在艰难梭菌生理学和发病机制中的作用奠定了基础。在本文中,我们对革兰氏阳性肠道病原体艰难梭菌中的蛋白质磷酸化进行了全面分析。迄今为止,关于磷酸化在该生物体调控中的作用的有限证据已经发表;目前的研究有望为该翻译后修饰在艰难梭菌中的研究奠定基础。