Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021 Dec 1;92(12):937-944. doi: 10.2257/AMHP.5809.2021.
Over the next 20 yr, international market expansion will necessitate the production of new commercial airplanes and the recruitment of additional crewmembers and technicians. Research has proven that fatigue and lack of sleep are risk factors for impaired cognitive performance and human error. Pilots frequently report fatigue to their employers, which may be related to sleep disturbance. Airline pilots, in particular, often experience circadian desynchronization and other types of sleep disorders. Shift workers have been observed to be at higher risk of fatigue that affects their performance and alertness. In Saudi Arabia, sleep disorders among airline pilots are understudied and underreported. The primary objective of this study was to screen for and determine the risk of sleep disorders, fatigue, and depression among pilots. A cross-sectional epidemiological study with national commercial pilots was conducted from March 2019 to March 2020 using validated questionnaires to screen for the risk of sleep disorders, fatigue, and depression. In total, 344 pilots participated in the study. Half the sample was at risk for insomnia and fatigue. Older and more experienced pilots were less likely to suffer impaired sleep quality, insomnia, sleepiness, fatigue, and depression. In total, 59 (17.2%) pilots were at high risk for sleep apnea. The current study found that pilots were at risk of developing sleep disorders. A more robust and objective assessment is warranted for screening.
在未来 20 年，国际市场的扩张将需要生产新的商用飞机，并招募更多的机组人员和技术人员。研究已经证明，疲劳和睡眠不足是认知表现受损和人为错误的风险因素。飞行员经常向雇主报告疲劳，这可能与睡眠障碍有关。航空公司飞行员尤其经常经历昼夜节律失调和其他类型的睡眠障碍。轮班工人被观察到更容易疲劳，从而影响他们的表现和警觉性。在沙特阿拉伯，航空公司飞行员的睡眠障碍研究不足，报告也不足。本研究的主要目的是筛查飞行员的睡眠障碍、疲劳和抑郁风险，并确定其风险。这是一项 2019 年 3 月至 2020 年 3 月进行的全国性商业飞行员的横断面流行病学研究，使用经过验证的问卷筛查睡眠障碍、疲劳和抑郁的风险。共有 344 名飞行员参与了这项研究。有一半的飞行员存在失眠和疲劳的风险。年龄较大和经验更丰富的飞行员睡眠质量、失眠、嗜睡、疲劳和抑郁的风险较低。共有 59 名（17.2%）飞行员患睡眠呼吸暂停的风险较高。本研究发现飞行员存在发生睡眠障碍的风险。有必要进行更强大和客观的评估来进行筛查。
