Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021 Dec 1;92(12):970-974. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.5944.2021.
Planning, whether preflight or in-flight, is a cause of accident that is presumably almost entirely preventable. Planning skills on the part of the pilot should assist in avoiding dangerous situations with regards to light conditions, weather, fuel shortage, and/or improper weight and balance. Fuel planning is noted as especially unnecessary, as fuel planning is not considered a complex skill but part of proper flight preparation and in-flight planning. A total of 196 accident reports from 2015 until 2020 were extracted from the NTSB online database in which the probable cause included either preflight or in-flight planning as a cause attributed to the pilot. Of those accidents, the majority ( = 131, 67%) were attributed to fuel planning and were further analyzed. Fuel-planning related accidents were significantly less often fatal compared to all planning-related accidents and all fuel-related accidents. The majority of fuel planning accidents resulted in fuel exhaustion. Additionally, the cause attributed to the accidents was frequently the skill-based error of "fuel planning (pilot)" and the crew resource management issue of "fuel-fluid level". Specific information regarding the pilot's fuel plan was only available in 52 (40%) of the accident reports. The frequency of fuel-related planning accidents suggests that this aspect of pilotage is underestimated and requires more attention both in training and in standard operating procedures. In particular, more detailed information regarding the pilot's fuel plan is necessary in order to determine which step in the process most frequently results in an accident.
规划，无论是飞行前还是飞行中，都是导致事故的原因，而且这种原因几乎是完全可以预防的。飞行员的规划技能应该有助于避免与光线条件、天气、燃料短缺和/或重量和平衡不当有关的危险情况。需要注意的是，燃料规划尤其没有必要，因为燃料规划不被认为是一项复杂的技能，而是适当的飞行准备和飞行中规划的一部分。从 NTSB 在线数据库中提取了 2015 年至 2020 年期间的 196 份事故报告，这些报告的可能原因包括飞行前或飞行中规划，这些原因被归因于飞行员。在这些事故中，大多数（= 131，占 67%）归因于燃料规划，并进一步进行了分析。与所有规划相关的事故和所有与燃料相关的事故相比，与燃料规划相关的事故的致命性要低得多。大多数与燃料规划相关的事故导致燃料耗尽。此外，事故的原因通常是“燃料规划（飞行员）”的基于技能的错误和“燃料液量”的机组资源管理问题。在 52 份（40%）事故报告中仅提供了有关飞行员燃料计划的具体信息。与燃料相关的规划事故的频率表明，飞行员的这一方面被低估了，无论是在培训还是在标准操作程序中都需要更多的关注。特别是，需要有关飞行员燃料计划的更详细信息，以便确定在该过程中哪个步骤最常导致事故。
