Sisman Yagmur, Schnack Tine, Høgdall Estrid, Høgdall Claus
Department of Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark.
Mol Clin Oncol. 2022 Feb;16(2):29. doi: 10.3892/mco.2021.2462. Epub 2021 Dec 10.
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the 5th leading cause of cancer-associated death in females worldwide. Although 80% of cases respond well to initial treatment, >70% develop recurrent disease and become chemoresistant within the first two years. Therefore, there is a great need for predictive biomarkers to guide treatment. In the era of precision medicine, organoids are studied as a functional method to predict treatment response to oncological treatment. The overall purpose of the present systematic review was to uncover the current status of patient-derived organoids and their ability to perform drug screenings for EOC. A systematic search for studies investigating ovarian cancer and organoids was performed using PubMed and the Cochrane Library. A total of 10 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The growth rates of organoids were described in six studies and varied between 29 and 90%. Only four studies included data on clinical outcomes and indicated a positive correlation between clinical response and drug screening results. Inter- and intratumoral heterogeneity was examined in seven studies. They all suggested that the organoids recapture the tumor heterogeneity. Only one study performed drug screenings on organoids obtained from different tumor sites and metastasis from the same patient with EOC and revealed a different response to at least one drug for all patients. In conclusion, organoids may provide a platform for predicting the clinical response to chemotherapy and gene-targeting therapy. However, the results are only exploratory and the number of published drug screening studies is minimal. Further research is required to prove that organoids are able to support the choice of oncological treatment in patients with EOC.
上皮性卵巢癌（EOC）是全球女性癌症相关死亡的第五大主要原因。尽管80%的病例对初始治疗反应良好，但超过70%的患者会出现复发性疾病，并在头两年内产生化疗耐药性。因此，迫切需要预测性生物标志物来指导治疗。在精准医学时代，类器官作为一种预测肿瘤治疗反应的功能方法而被研究。本系统评价的总体目的是揭示患者来源类器官的现状及其对EOC进行药物筛选的能力。使用PubMed和考克兰图书馆对研究卵巢癌和类器官的研究进行了系统检索。共有10项研究符合纳入标准。六项研究描述了类器官的生长率，其范围在29%至90%之间。只有四项研究纳入了临床结果数据，并表明临床反应与药物筛选结果之间存在正相关。七项研究检查了肿瘤间和肿瘤内的异质性。它们都表明类器官重现了肿瘤的异质性。只有一项研究对从同一例EOC患者的不同肿瘤部位和转移灶获得的类器官进行了药物筛选，结果显示所有患者对至少一种药物有不同反应。总之，类器官可能为预测化疗和基因靶向治疗的临床反应提供一个平台。然而，结果只是探索性的，已发表的药物筛选研究数量很少。需要进一步研究来证明类器官能够支持EOC患者肿瘤治疗方案的选择。
