Zhang Zhi-Bo, Duan Yan-Ping, Shen Jia-Hao, Yu Wen-Tao, Luo Peng-Cheng, Tu Yao-Ren, Gao Jun
School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
Yangtze River Delta Urban Wetland Ecosystem National Field Observation and Research Station, Shanghai 200234, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2022 Jan 8;43(1):349-362. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202105121.
In this study, 50 surface water and sediment samples were collected from 25 sampling points in Qingpu District (including Taipu River basin, Jinze Reservoir, and Qingxi country park) in the Yangtze River Delta integration demonstration area, and 22 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS-MS). The distribution characteristics, sources, and influencing factors of targeted PPCPs in the study area were studied in detail. The ecological and health risks of the target PPCPs were evaluated using the quotients method. The results showed that a total of 19 PPCPs were detected in the surface water and sediment samples from 25 sampling points in Qingpu District, with total concentrations ranging from 0.06 to 178.67 ng·L and 0.07 to 37.68 ng·g, respectively. The average value of sulfachloropyridazine (SCP) in the surface water was the highest with a concentration of 129.54 ng·L, whereas the average value of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in the sediment was the highest with a concentration of 70.62 ng·g. The spatial distribution of the total amount of PPCPs showed a trend of Qingxi country park > Jinze Reservoir > Taipu River basin. Principal component analysis showed that the main sources of pollution were animal antibiotics used in aquaculture and the discharge of domestic sewage. There was a significant correlation between lg and lg (<0.05), indicating that the organic carbon plays an important role in the distribution of the target PPCPs in water and sediments. The ecological risk assessment results revealed that the fungicides (TCC and TCS) in the surface waters showed a moderate risk to aquatic organisms of different trophic levels. The Qingxi country park and Jinze Reservoir were the regions with the highest ecological risks of PPCPs in surface water and sediment. The health risk entropy (HQ) of people of all age groups exposed through drinking was less than 1; however, with the continuous emission and accumulation of PPCPs, the pollution control of PPCPs in the environment still requires further attention.
本研究在长江三角洲一体化示范区青浦区的25个采样点（包括太浦河流域、金泽水库和青西郊野公园）采集了50份地表水和沉积物样本，采用高效液相色谱串联质谱法（HPLC/MS-MS）分析样本中的22种药品及个人护理用品（PPCPs）。详细研究了研究区域内目标PPCPs的分布特征、来源及影响因素。采用商值法评估目标PPCPs的生态和健康风险。结果表明，青浦区25个采样点的地表水和沉积物样本中共检测出19种PPCPs，总浓度分别为0.06至178.67 ng·L和0.07至37.68 ng·g。地表水中磺胺氯哒嗪（SCP）的平均值最高，浓度为129.54 ng·L，而沉积物中磺胺甲恶唑（SMX）的平均值最高，浓度为70.62 ng·g。PPCPs总量的空间分布呈现青西郊野公园＞金泽水库＞太浦河流域的趋势。主成分分析表明，主要污染源为水产养殖中使用的动物抗生素和生活污水排放。lg 与lg 之间存在显著相关性（<0.05），表明有机碳在目标PPCPs在水和沉积物中的分布中起重要作用。生态风险评估结果显示，地表水中的杀菌剂（三氯生和三氯卡班）对不同营养级的水生生物呈现中等风险。青西郊野公园和金泽水库是地表水和沉积物中PPCPs生态风险最高的区域。各年龄组人群通过饮水暴露的健康风险熵（HQ）均小于1；然而，随着PPCPs的持续排放和积累，环境中PPCPs的污染控制仍需进一步关注。
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