Hauschildt S
Z Ernahrungswiss. 1978 Mar;17(1):1-18. doi: 10.1007/BF02020687.
The use of oral contraceptives can produce changes in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Responsible for the alterations seems to be the used oestrogen- and gestagen derivative and not so much the type of the contraceptive. The most frequent findings are raised serum-glucose-, insulin-, and triglyceride levels; disturbances in protein-metabolism increase the risk of developing thrombosis and hypertonia. Little is known about the significance of oral contraceptives on the vitamin- and mineral metabolism--yet extreme deficiencies have not been observed so far. Oral contraceptives can become an extra risk factor when given to women with metabolic disturbances.
口服避孕药的使用会引起碳水化合物、脂质、蛋白质、维生素和矿物质代谢的变化。导致这些改变的似乎是所使用的雌激素和孕激素衍生物，而非避孕药的类型。最常见的表现是血清葡萄糖、胰岛素和甘油三酯水平升高；蛋白质代谢紊乱会增加发生血栓形成和高血压的风险。关于口服避孕药对维生素和矿物质代谢的影响知之甚少——不过目前尚未观察到严重缺乏的情况。对于有代谢紊乱的女性，口服避孕药可能会成为一个额外的风险因素。
