Carbonic anhydrase for CO capture, conversion and utilization.

Carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes, catalyzing the CO hydration at a high turnover number, can be employed in expediting CO capture, conversion and utilization to aid in carbon neutrality. Despite extensive research over the last decade, there remain challenges in CA-related technologies due to poor stability and suboptimal use of CAs. Herein, we discuss recent advances in CA stabilization by protein engineering and enzyme immobilization, and shed light on state-of-the-art of in vitro and in vivo CA-mediated CO conversion for improved production of value-added chemicals using CO as a feedstock.