Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia.
Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Apr;29(19):29152-29164. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-17865-w. Epub 2022 Jan 7.
Concentrations of Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Sn, and Zn were detected in the muscle and gills of Prussian carp from three different freshwater ecosystems: isolated ponds and the South Morava River in Serbia, and Kopačko Lake in complex wetland ecosystem of the Kopački Rit Nature Reserve in Croatia. The main goals of the present research were to assess the concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the muscle and gills of Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio), to examine whether abiotic factors from three different freshwater ecosystems affect the accumulation of PTEs in fish tissues, and to estimate the human health risk resulting from fish consumption. There were only six concentrations of PTEs in the gill tissue (Cr, Hg, Mn, Pb, Sn, and Zn) that were not significantly different among the different freshwater ecosystems. In the muscles, the differences were much less visible. Kopačko Lake distinguished with the highest values of metal pollution index (MPI) for muscles (0.24) and isolated ponds with the highest values of MPI for gills (0.8). The redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that concentrations of Al, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Fe in the gill tissue were significantly correlated with the environmental variables. In contrast, the RDA based on element concentrations in the fish muscles indicated no significant relationship with the environment. Isolated ponds, with no inflow of freshwater, stand out as the most polluted, followed by Kopačko Lake with occasional floods. Flowing freshwater ecosystem South Morava River can be single out as at least polluted with PTEs. The target hazard quotients (THQ) and hazard index (HI) suggested there were no significant noncarcinogenic health risks. The target carcinogenic risk factor (TR) for As and Pb confirmed there were no cancer risks related to human fish consumption. Since the elevated concentrations of toxic Cd and As in Prussian carp were estimated, an early warning should be assumed, especially for fishing activities in these areas.
肌肉和鳃中的 Al、As、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Hg、Mn、Ni、Pb、Se、Sn 和 Zn 浓度在三种不同的淡水生态系统中被检测到：塞尔维亚的隔离池塘和南摩拉瓦河，以及克罗地亚科帕基里特自然保护区复杂湿地生态系统中的科帕科湖。本研究的主要目的是评估肌肉和鳃中普鲁士鲤鱼（Carassius gibelio）中潜在有毒元素（PTE）的浓度，研究三种不同淡水生态系统中的非生物因素是否影响鱼类组织中 PTE 的积累，并估计鱼类消费带来的人类健康风险。鳃组织中只有 6 种 PTE 浓度（Cr、Hg、Mn、Pb、Sn 和 Zn）在不同淡水生态系统中没有显著差异。在肌肉中，差异则不太明显。科帕科湖的肌肉金属污染指数（MPI）最高（0.24），而隔离池塘的鳃 MPI 最高（0.8）。冗余分析（RDA）表明，鳃组织中 Al、Mn、Zn、Cu 和 Fe 的浓度与环境变量显著相关。相比之下，基于鱼类肌肉中元素浓度的 RDA 表明与环境没有显著关系。没有淡水流入的隔离池塘是污染最严重的，其次是偶尔发生洪水的科帕科湖。有淡水流动的生态系统南摩拉瓦河至少可以被单独挑出来，认为它受到 PTE 的污染。目标危害系数（THQ）和危害指数（HI）表明没有显著的非致癌健康风险。As 和 Pb 的目标致癌风险因素（TR）证实，人类鱼类消费没有相关的癌症风险。由于普鲁士鲤鱼中有毒 Cd 和 As 的浓度升高，应该发出早期预警，特别是在这些地区的渔业活动中。
