Avanos Fine Arts Vocational School, Plant and Animal Production Department, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Nevşehir, Turkey.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2024 Jan;81:127339. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127339. Epub 2023 Nov 7.
In this study, indicate the average or range of 10 heavy metal concentrations in muscle, gills and liver of two fish species (Squalius pursakensis and Cyprinus carpio) living in the Damsa Dam Lake (Turkey) was examined in relation to fish gender and size. Inductively coupled plasma-tandem mass spectrometry was used to evaluate the concentrations of heavy metals. The average contents of the metals in S. pursakensis muscle samples were 0.877, 9.285, 0.614, 0.488, 8.190, 0.155, 0.015, 0.010, 0.218, 0.009 mg/kg for Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn, As, Cd, Co, Cr and Pb respectively. On the other hand, the average contents of the metals in C. carpio muscle samples were 0.673, 8.001, 0.367, 0.435, 6.107, 0.188, 0.007, 0.007, 0.371, 0.012 mg/kg for Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn, As, Cd, Co, Cr and Pb respectively. In addition, human health risks were evaluated considering the estimated daily intake of heavy metals in adults. The target hazard quotient, hazard index and carcinogenic risk values were determined based on the frequency of fish consumption for the population living in the region.
The highest quantities of all heavy metals were determined in the gills and liver of the fish species. The levels of most heavy metals in tissues did not differ significantly between both fish species. Only a few heavy metals in the tissues of both fish species demonstrated significant associations with fish length or weight. In terms of the levels of most of the heavy metals in the tissues, there weren't any significant differences between the male and the female fish. The estimated daily intakes of all of the heavy metals were lower than the reference doses. The values of the target hazard quotient and the hazard index were found to be below 1 and the values regarding carcinogenic risk were assessed to be within or lower than the permissible levels. Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and inorganic As values assessed in the muscle tissues of fish were found below the values acceptable by national and international institutions. These results proved that the examined fish species can be consumed safely.
本研究中，检测了生活在土耳其大坝湖的两种鱼类（Squalius pursakensis 和 Cyprinus carpio）肌肉、鳃和肝脏中 10 种重金属浓度的平均值或范围，这些鱼类与性别和大小有关。电感耦合等离子体质谱法用于评估重金属浓度。S. pursakensis 肌肉样本中金属的平均含量分别为 0.877、9.285、0.614、0.488、8.190、0.155、0.015、0.010、0.218、0.009mg/kg 为 Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Zn、As、Cd、Co、Cr 和 Pb。另一方面，C. carpio 肌肉样本中金属的平均含量分别为 0.673、8.001、0.367、0.435、6.107、0.188、0.007、0.007、0.371、0.012mg/kg 为 Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Zn、As、Cd、Co、Cr 和 Pb。此外，考虑到成年人对重金属的估计每日摄入量，评估了人类健康风险。根据该地区居民的鱼类消费频率，确定了目标危害商数、危害指数和致癌风险值。
所有重金属的最高含量均在鱼类的鳃和肝脏中测定。两种鱼类组织中大多数重金属的水平没有显著差异。只有少数几种重金属在两种鱼类的组织中与鱼的长度或体重呈显著相关。就组织中大多数重金属的水平而言，雄性和雌性鱼类之间没有明显差异。所有重金属的估计每日摄入量均低于参考剂量。目标危害商数和危害指数的值均低于 1，致癌风险值被评估为在可接受范围内或低于可接受范围。评估鱼类肌肉组织中的 Cr、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb 和无机 As 值低于国家和国际机构可接受的值。这些结果证明所检查的鱼类可以安全食用。
