China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2022 Jan 19;70(2):446-457. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05704. Epub 2022 Jan 7.
Oats are among the most commonly consumed whole grains and are widely grown worldwide, and they contain numerous nutrients, including proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, β-glucan, and unique phytochemical polyphenol avenanthramides (Avns). Recent studies have indicated that Avns play essential roles in mediating the health benefits of oats. This review systemically summarized the nomenclature and structures of Avns, effect of germination on promoting Avns production, and metabolites produced after Avns consumption. The classical functions and novel potential bioactivities of Avns were further elucidated. The classical functions of Avns in cancer prevention, antioxidative response, anti-inflammatory reaction, and maintaining muscle health were expounded, and the internal mechanisms of these functions were analyzed. The potential novel bioactivities of Avns in modulating gut microbiota, alleviating obesity, and preventing chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis and osteoporosis, were further revealed. This review may provide new prospects and directions for the development and utilization of oat Avns.
燕麦是最常食用的全谷物之一，在全世界广泛种植，含有多种营养物质，包括蛋白质、脂肪、维生素、矿物质、β-葡聚糖和独特的植物化学多酚安文酰胺（Avns）。最近的研究表明，Avns 在介导燕麦的健康益处方面发挥着重要作用。本综述系统总结了 Avns 的命名和结构、发芽对促进 Avns 生产的影响以及 Avns 消费后产生的代谢物。进一步阐明了 Avns 的经典功能和新的潜在生物活性。阐述了 Avns 在预防癌症、抗氧化反应、抗炎反应和维持肌肉健康方面的经典功能，并分析了这些功能的内在机制。进一步揭示了 Avns 调节肠道微生物群、缓解肥胖和预防动脉粥样硬化和骨质疏松等慢性病的潜在新的生物活性。本综述可能为燕麦 Avns 的开发和利用提供新的前景和方向。
