Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
PLoS One. 2022 Jan 7;17(1):e0261222. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261222. eCollection 2022.
Facilitating positive feeding practices from infancy may be an important strategy to prevent childhood overweight and obesity. Since the feeding situation early in life constitutes a bidirectional relationship, it is important to understand the impact of both maternal and infant characteristics on maternal feeding practices to intervene in a customized and tailored way. Few studies have concurrently examined associations between maternal and infant characteristics in relation to early maternal feeding practices. The aim of the present study was to explore potential associations between infant and maternal characteristics measured at child age five months, and maternal feeding styles and practices during the child's first two years. Cross-sectional data from a Norwegian randomized controlled trial in which participants responded to questionnaires at child age 5 months (n = 474), 12 months (n = 293) and 24 months (n = 185) were used to explore potential associations. All maternal and child predictor variables were collected at child age five months. Maternal feeding styles and practices were mapped using subscales from the Infant Feeding Questionnaire at child age 5 and 12 months and the Child Feeding Questionnaire and the Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire at child age 24 months. The subscale-scores were split into roughly equal tertiles, and the upper or lower tertile for the outcome of interest were used to create binary outcome variables. Multivariable binary logistic regression models were conducted for each outcome. We found that maternal education and mental health symptoms as well as infant weight, temperament and feeding mode were associated with maternal feeding styles and practices over time. Our findings indicate that risk factors which may have long-term implications for child weight and health outcomes can be identified early. Larger, population-based studies with a longitudinal design are needed to further explore these pathways.
促进婴儿时期的积极喂养行为可能是预防儿童超重和肥胖的重要策略。由于生命早期的喂养情况构成了一种双向关系，因此了解母婴特征对母乳喂养行为的影响对于以定制化和针对性的方式进行干预非常重要。很少有研究同时检查了母婴特征与早期母乳喂养行为之间的关联。本研究旨在探讨在儿童 5 个月大时测量的婴儿和母婴特征与儿童 2 岁前的母乳喂养风格和行为之间的潜在关联。本研究使用了来自挪威一项随机对照试验的横断面数据，其中参与者在儿童 5 个月（n=474）、12 个月（n=293）和 24 个月（n=185）时回答了问卷，以探讨潜在关联。所有母婴预测变量均在儿童 5 个月时收集。母乳喂养风格和行为使用婴儿喂养问卷在儿童 5 个月和 12 个月以及儿童喂养问卷和父母喂养风格问卷在儿童 24 个月时的子量表进行映射。子量表评分被分为大致相等的三分位数，将感兴趣结果的上三分位数或下三分位数用于创建二元结果变量。对每个结果进行了多变量二元逻辑回归模型分析。我们发现，母亲的教育和心理健康症状以及婴儿的体重、气质和喂养方式与母乳喂养风格和行为随时间的变化有关。我们的研究结果表明，可以尽早识别出可能对儿童体重和健康结果产生长期影响的风险因素。需要更大的、基于人群的、具有纵向设计的研究来进一步探索这些途径。
