Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences, Institute of Research on Chemical and Biological Analysis (IAQBUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Apr 15;817:152518. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152518. Epub 2022 Jan 4.
This work provides a screening of organic contaminants and characterization of the dissolved organic matter in the sewer network until the municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), identifying the network areas with a higher degree of contamination and their impact on the WWTP performance, particularly in the activated sludge reactor. Three monitoring campaigns were carried out at six selected locations of the sewage system (PVZ-1, PVZ-2, PS-F, PS-VC, CP-VC, and PS-T), influent (WWTP) and effluent (WWTP) of the WWTP. Advanced analytical techniques were employed, namely excitation/emission matrix fluorescence-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD), and liquid chromatography with high-resolution-mass spectrometric detection (LC-HRMS). EEM-PARAFAC showed higher fluorescence intensity for the protein-like component (C2), particularly at CP-VC (near seafood industries) associated with the presence of surfactants (~50 mg/L). SEC-OCD highlighted the WWTP efficiency in removing low molecular weight acids and neutrals. LC-HRMS tentatively identified 108 compounds of emerging concern (CEC) and similar detection patterns were obtained for all wastewater samples, except for PVZ-2 (lower detection), many of which occurred in the effluent. Eight CECs included on relevant Watch-Lists were detected in all WWTP samples. Furthermore, 111 surfactants were detected, the classes more frequently found being alcohol ethoxylates (AEOs), nonylphenol polyethoxylates (NPEOs) and linear alkylbenzene sulphonates (LAS). The continuous presence of LAS and NPEOs allied to surfactants concentrations in the WWTP of 15-20 mg/L, with CP-VC location (linked with food industries) as an important contributor, explain the morphological changes in the activated sludge and high LAS content in the dewatered sludge, which may have impacted WWTP performance.
本工作对排水管网直至城市污水处理厂（WWTP）中的有机污染物进行了筛选，并对溶解性有机物进行了特征描述，以确定污染程度较高的管网区域及其对 WWTP 性能的影响，特别是在活性污泥反应器中。在污水处理系统的六个选定地点（PVZ-1、PVZ-2、PS-F、PS-VC、CP-VC 和 PS-T）、WWTP 的进水（WWTP）和出水（WWTP）进行了三次监测活动。采用了先进的分析技术，即激发/发射矩阵荧光-平行因子分析（EEM-PARAFAC）、带有机碳检测器的尺寸排阻色谱（SEC-OCD）和带高分辨率质谱检测的液相色谱（LC-HRMS）。EEM-PARAFAC 显示出蛋白质样成分（C2）的荧光强度更高，尤其是在 CP-VC（靠近海鲜工业），与表面活性剂的存在有关（~50 mg/L）。SEC-OCD 突出了 WWTP 去除低分子量酸和中性物质的效率。LC-HRMS 初步鉴定出 108 种新兴关注化合物（CEC），并且所有废水样品的检测模式相似，除了 PVZ-2（检测值较低），其中许多化合物出现在废水中。所有 WWTP 样品中均检测到 8 种列入相关观察名单的 CEC。此外，还检测到 111 种表面活性剂，发现的类别更频繁的是醇乙氧基化物（AEOs）、壬基酚聚乙氧基化物（NPEOs）和直链烷基苯磺酸盐（LAS）。LAS 和 NPEOs 的持续存在以及 WWTP 中表面活性剂浓度为 15-20mg/L，CP-VC 位置（与食品工业有关）是一个重要的贡献者，这解释了活性污泥的形态变化和脱水污泥中高 LAS 含量，这可能对 WWTP 性能产生影响。
