College of Environment and Resource, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
J Environ Manage. 2022 Mar 1;305:114400. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114400. Epub 2022 Jan 4.
The soil ecological health risks and toxic effects of coal gangue accumulation were examined after 10 years of elm/poplar phytoremediation. The changes in soil enzyme activities, ionome metabolism, and microbial community structure were analyzed at shallow (5-15 cm), intermediate (25-35 cm), and deep (45-55 cm) soil depths. Soil acid phosphatase activity in the restoration area increased significantly by 4.36-7.18 fold (p < 0.05). Soil concentrations of the metal ions Cu, Pb, Ni, Co, Bi, U, and Th were significantly reduced, as were concentrations of the non-metallic element S. The repair effect was shallow > middle > deep. The soil community structure, determined by 16S diversity results, was changed significantly in the restoration area, and the abundance of microorganisms increased at shallow soil depths. Altererythrobacter and Sphingomonas species were at the center of the microbial weight network in the restoration area. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that S and Na are important driving forces for the microbial community distributions at shallow soil depths. The KEGG function prediction indicated enhancement of the microbial function of the middle depth soil layers in the restoration area. Overall, phytoremediation enhanced the biotransformation of soil phosphorus in the coal gangue restoration area, reduced the soil content of several harmful metal elements, significantly changed the structure and function of the microbial community, and improved the overall soil ecological environment.
经过 10 年的榆/杨植物修复后，研究了煤矸石堆积对土壤生态健康的风险和毒性影响。分析了浅层（5-15cm）、中层（25-35cm）和深层（45-55cm）土壤中土壤酶活性、离子组代谢和微生物群落结构的变化。恢复区土壤酸性磷酸酶活性显著增加了 4.36-7.18 倍（p<0.05）。土壤中 Cu、Pb、Ni、Co、Bi、U 和 Th 等金属离子浓度显著降低，S 等非金属元素浓度也降低。修复效果为浅层>中层>深层。由 16S 多样性结果确定的土壤群落结构在恢复区发生了显著变化，浅层土壤中微生物丰度增加。在恢复区，交替单胞菌属和鞘氨醇单胞菌属是微生物权重网络的中心。冗余分析（RDA）表明，S 和 Na 是浅层土壤微生物群落分布的重要驱动力。KEGG 功能预测表明，恢复区中层土壤微生物功能得到增强。总体而言，植物修复增强了煤矸石恢复区土壤中磷的生物转化，降低了几种有害金属元素的土壤含量，显著改变了微生物群落的结构和功能，改善了整体土壤生态环境。
